02340naa a2200217 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400350006010000200009524501040011526000090021952016440022865300240187265300360189665300280193265300180196070000270197870000170200570000260202277300740204819822842022-10-19       2014    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1007/s10695-013-9856-92DOI1 aFARIA, M. T. de  aGeneration of reactive oxygen species by leukocytes of Prochilodus lineatus.h[electronic resource]  c2014  aProchilodus lineatus (curimbatá), from the Procholodontidae family, is a Brazilian freshwater fish, which is important commercially, nutritionally and ecologically. It is encountered in the Rio da Prata Bay in Southern South America. Studies on the immune system of this fish are scarce, but the physiological mechanisms of the species are analogous to those of other vertebrates. Thus, this work discusses the present study, which correlates P. lineatus leukocytes and the generation of reactive oxygen species after modulatory stimuli. Leukocytes were characterized by light and electron transmission microscopy and investigated by the generation of H2O2 and O2 −, using phenol red, flow-cytometry and electron transmission histochemistry. The study determined that monocytes and neutrophils are the main cells responsible for generating O2 after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate. Superoxide dismutase successfully inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species in neutrophils and monocytes, but stimulated generation when in association with phorbol myristate acetate. Fish leukocyte samples from P. lineatus showed cross-reactivity with antibodies directed against human NADPH-oxidase antibody subunits (p47phox and p67phox). Thus, catalase enhanced the presence of p47phox. Neutrophil mitochondria were shown to be generators of H2O2 (charged by cerium precipitate), being enlarged and changing their format. The present study contributes to a better understanding of the respiratory burst pathways in this species and suggests mitochondria as the organelle responsible for generation of reactive oxygen species.  aCitometria de fluxo  aEspécies reativas de oxigênio  aExplosão respiratória  aMitocôndrias1 aCURY-BOAVENTURA, M. F.1 aLOPES, L. R.1 aSILVA, J. R. M. C. da  tFish Physiology and Biochemistrygv. 40, n. 2, p. 445-455, Apr. 2014.