02317naa a2200217 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000170006024501530007726000090023052017170023965000120195665000090196865000100197765000120198765300100199970000170200970000170202670000150204377300410205817882412017-04-04       1980    bl ---       0--  u    #d1 aTOKUMARU, M.  aPhysicopathological studies on the effects of cadmium in fishes. III.Effects of cadmium on survival, vertebral deformity and reproduction of fishes.  c1980  aEffects of cadmium on vertebral deformity, survival and reproduction were investigated; concentrations of cadmium and calcium in the whole body and in selected tissues and organs were measured in guppy Lebistes reticulatus (Peters), their offspring, and carp Cyprinus carpio L. The fish were exposed to 0.01 ppm and 0.10 ppm Cd2+ for various periods of time. Percentage of survival of adult guppy of both sexes after four months of exposure dependend on concentration of the metal in environment water and the percentage of survival of female was always higher than of males. The highest percentage of vertebral deformity was observed in fish exposed to 0.10 ppm Cd2+ and the percentage of deformity in females was higher than that in males. The average numer of fry per female of groups exposed to cadmium was always smaller than that of the control and the development of eggs seemed to depend on concentrations of cadmium in environment waters. cadmium was detected in all offspring exposed to 0.10 ppm Cd2+. In the group exposed to 0.01 ppm Cd2+ the metal was detected only in those offspring which were exposed for more than 90 days. Calcium in the whole body of offspring showed varied concetrations. In carp exposed to cadmium, a high concentrations of the metal was observed in the kidney, liver, intestinal tract and intestinal content. Patterns of distribution of calcium in selected tissues and organs of carp after 45 or 90 days of exposure to 0.01 ppm and 0.10 ppm Cd2+ were almost similar. The patterns, however, when compared to those of the control showed a shift of distribution of calcium from vertebrate to intestinal content suggesting an elimination of calcium throught the intestinal tract.  acadmium  afish  aPeixe  aTóxico  aToxic1 aYAMAMORI, K.1 aHGAN, P. Van1 aHIBIYA, T.  tDuseniagv.12, n.4, p.123-134, 1980.