02433nam a2200277 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000200006024500780008026000560015830000100021450000180022452016670024265000210190965000210193065000150195165000190196665000220198565000210200765000110202865000220203965000180206165300260207965300300210565300200213516669062012-08-13       1989    bl uuuu  m   00u1 u    #d1 aTEIXEIRA, J. B.  aDevelopment of in vitro techniques of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.).  aNew Brunswiok: State university of New Jerseyc1989  a161p.  aPh.D. Thesis.  aOptimization of specific cultural conditions which enabled establishment of successful protocols leading to somatic embryogenesis from diverse explants of oil palm was undertaken. Callus induction and proliferation were obtained on mature and immature zygotic embryo explants cultured on modified MS medium  (Murashige & Skoog, 1962) or modified Y3 medium (Eeuwens, 1978) containing either 2,4-D or picloram, plus activated charcoal. Two types of embryogenic tissue were observed on mature embryo explants: a compact tissue and friable tissue. The compact embryogenic tissue gave rise to lower number of somatic embryos while the friable embryogenic tissue resulted in high frequency embryogenesis. Friable embryogenic cell lines were isolated from mature zygotic embryos. Plantlets were successfully regenerated from both types of embryogenic tissues. Embryogenic cell suspensions were established from friable embryogenic cell lines and fully developed somatic embryos were recovered from these suspension cultures. Callus cultures were established from immature inflorescence tissues cultured on MS medium contening 2,4-D and activated charcoal. In comparison to embryo culture, higher concentrations of auxin and charcoal were required to obtain callus from inflorescence tissues. Moreover, the inflorescence tissues produced callus after 2-3 months in culture as compared to 3 weeks for embryos explants. Somatic embryogenesis was accomplished from immature inflorescence callus. In this case, compact embryogenic tissue was obtained. Fully differentiated embryos were achieved when the embryogenic tissue was transfered to Y3 medium containing NAA and ABA.  ain vitro culture  amicropropagation  aNew Jersey  atissue culture  aCultura de Tecido  aCultura In Vitro  aDendê  aElaeis Guineensis  aEmbriogénese  aEmbryonic development  aEstados Unidos da America  aMicroporpagacao