01787naa a2200193 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000190006024500700007926000090014952012720015865000120143065000100144265000260145265300120147870000190149070000200150977300640152915173012014-07-21       1986    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aJOHNSON, W. L.  aSheep and goats in tropical and subtropical agricultural systems.  c1986  aThe potential for increasing productivity of small ruminants in lesser developed countries (LDCs) is well documented. To realize this potential, however, will require that traditional farmers place more emphasis on producing for the cash market, and thus have more incentive to adopt new technology. To ensure that appropriate new technology packages are available for LDC sheep and goat producers will require a six-step research effort, repeated in each region where small ruminants are important: description of the farming system, applied research on components of the farming system, linkage with international networks for basic research and information having widespread application, multidisciplinary experiments to examine interactions among system components, on-farm validation and institutionalization of a dynamic system for technology innovations. The latter step is especially important but often overlooked. A minimum of 7 to 10 yr of sustained effort seems to he necessary for a development-oriented research program to reach a state where all six steps have been achieved. Experiences of the Small Ruminant Collaborative Research Support Program in Brazil, Indonesia, Kenya, Peru and Morocco are analyzed within the framework of this six-step model.  aCaprino  aOvino  aSistema de Produção  aTropico1 aVAN EYS, J. E.1 aFITZHUGH, H. A.  tJournal of Animal Sciencegv. 63, n. 5, p. 1587-1599, 1986.