02302nam a2200157 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000180006024501170007826001360019552017380033165000170206965000160208665000170210265300250211914807922018-06-06       2006    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aSANTOS, J. P.  aAlternatives to chemical control of stored-product insects on small farms in the tropics.h[electronic resource]  aIn: INTERNATIONAL WORKING CONFERENCE ON STORED PRODUCT PROTECTION, 9, 2006, Proceedings. Campinas: ABRAPOS, 2006. p. 663-673.c2006  aThe most important stored grain pests in Brazil are: Sitophilus zeamais, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitotroga cerealella and Rhyzopertha dominica. One altemative to chemical control of stored-product insects on small farms in the tropics are the storage of silage prepared from triturated whole corn and sorghum plants. This kind of food is particularly good as animal feed, mainly for beef and dairy cattle. Other type of silage can be prepared from triturated and compressed whole humid corn grain (38 % water content). The quality preservation of the silage is based on the process of fermentation in which does not occurs insects and mold development. Another altemative has been demonstrated to be efficient is the use of diatomaceous earth, which insecticide activity is based on physical properties. Hermetic storage, a system based on consumption of the oxygen by the metabolic activity of the seeds, and under very low concentration of oxygen and higher concentration of CO2, insect and fungus development are suppressed. In Brazil, it is commercially available a product called "SILO BAG" made of a machine to load grains into a 3m diameter a plastic bag that can be 100m long and able to store up to 200 tons of corn, soybeans, wheat and sorghum under hermetic conditions. In Brazil a significant proportion (from 20 to 30%) of harvested corn production is stored on the husk by the small farmers. Good husk protection and grain hardness have been incorporated in the varieties to protect grain against the stored grain pests and fungus. Another possibility, but less effective, is the use of botanic material that have repellent action to the pests, as for example eucalyptus three leaves distributed in layers between the husks.  apest control  asmall farms  astored grain  aNon chemical methods