01821naa a2200265 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400560006010000200011624501340013626000090027052010220027965000130130165000130131465000160132765000210134365300240136465300110138865300250139965300170142470000180144170000200145970000210147977300550150013974052022-11-09       1996    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8009(95)00057-72DOI1 aSMITH, N. J. H.  aAgrofostry trajectories among smallholders in the Brazilian Amazonbinnovation and resiliency in pioneer and older settled areas.  c1996  aConcern is mounting that swidden agriculture is increasingly ?unsustainable? because of the onrush of settlers into tropical forests and other development pressures. One way to curtail rampant deforestation is to find alternatives to the practice of shifting fields every few years, such as by planting perennial crops instead of allowing the land to revert to second growth. A trend towards tree farming in the Brazilian Amazon is being propelled primarily by smallholders taking advantage of market opportunities. In a survey of 136 polycultural fields with perennials in widely scattered locations in the Brazilian Amazon, 108 agroforestry configurations were noted involving 72 crops. Small-scale entrepreneurs are clearly experimenting with a wide array of perennial crops, mostly on their own initiative. Cropping patterns and agroforestry dynamics are analyzed and major constraints on further development of agroforestry, such as insufficient agro-industries and high-quality planting material, are discussed.  aAmazonia  aland use  asmall farms  aPequeno Produtor  aAgroforestry system  aBrasil  aSistema agroforestal  aUso de terra1 aFALESI, I. C.1 aALVIM, P. de T.1 aSERRAO, E. A. S.  tEcological Economicsgv. 18, n. 1, p. 15-27, 1996.