02503naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400420007410000210011624501340013726000090027152016320028065000180191265000160193065000120194665000220195865000120198065000100199265000260200270000250202870000170205370000230207070000200209370000190211377300810213212059632021-03-10       2021    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a1097-00887 ahttps://doi.org/10.1002/joc.66842DOI1 aHEINEMANN, A. B.  aThe impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation on cropping season rainfall variability across Central Brazil.h[electronic resource]  c2021  aLocal-level understanding of within-season rainfall variability and its relationship with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can shed light on crop yield variations and establish appropriate cropping calendars in rainfed systems. This requires information on the growing season, including its length, the total rainfall, the onset and cessation of rainfall, the number of wet and dry days, and the optimal sowing window. The objective of this study was to examine the onset and cessation of both the rainy and growing seasons using historical daily rainfall datasets (1980?2013) from 50 weather stations distributed across the main grain production region of Brazil. We then correlated the interannual variability of the climate variables and crop water availability with ENSO (using the Oceanic Niño Index, ONI). Across the study region, the onset of the rainy period ranged from late September to early November, and the cessation period ranged from late March to mid-April. The onset of the growing season followed that of the rainy season, beginning across central and northern Mato Grosso in mid-October, followed by Goiás and Tocantins, and finally Rondônia by the end of October. The length of the sowing window was reduced, and the mean optimal sowing date was delayed during La Niña years for most weather stations in the study region. Our results infer the need to adjust the cropping calendars for specific ENSO phases only in regions that conduct crop rotations. Based on rice crop model simulations of water availability, we propose a mean optimal crop sowing calendar for annual crops in Central Brazil.  aCerrado soils  aCrop models  aEl Nino  aRainfall duration  aSeasons  aChuva  aZoneamento Climático1 aRAMIREZ-VILLEGAS, J.1 aSTONE, L. F.1 aSILVA, A. P. G. A.1 aMATTA, D. H. da1 aDIAZ, M. E. P.  tInternational Journal of Climatologygv. 41, n. S1, p. E283-E304, Jan. 2021.