07578naa a2202437 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400490006010000240010924500900013326000090022350000370023252010820026965000130135165000170136465000220138165000130140365000210141665000190143765000200145665000220147665000110149865000170150965300170152665300220154365300190156565300240158465300200160870000160162870000190164470000190166370000190168270000220170170000170172370000210174070000210176170000230178270000250180570000230183070000170185370000260187070000210189670000200191770000200193770000220195770000170197970000190199670000220201570000170203770000210205470000170207570000250209270000180211770000200213570000230215570000200217870000190219870000180221770000230223570000190225870000190227770000200229670000190231670000190233570000160235470000180237070000170238870000200240570000170242570000230244270000200246570000170248570000160250270000190251870000220253770000190255970000200257870000230259870000190262170000210264070000250266170000210268670000170270770000190272470000210274370000240276470000160278870000170280470000250282170000220284670000200286870000190288870000260290770000160293370000180294970000270296770000140299470000180300870000200302670000150304670000180306170000200307970000200309970000210311970000200314070000150316070000210317570000210319670000190321770000180323670000220325470000150327670000150329170000150330670000170332170000150333870000130335370000170336670000180338370000190340170000150342070000180343570000210345370000200347470000190349470000180351370000190353170000170355070000210356770000180358870000170360670000300362370000190365370000190367270000220369170000200371370000210373370000230375470000190377770000190379670000190381570000250383470000240385970000190388370000160390270000180391870000170393670000230395370000140397670000250399070000200401570000150403570000240405070000140407470000170408870000190410570000230412470000130414770000170416070000220417770000200419970000140421970000190423370000200425270000150427270000180428770000140430570000150431970000180433470000200435270000150437270000160438770000250440370000160442870000160444470000180446070000210447870000200449970000230451970000180454270000160456070000170457670000190459370000190461270000230463170000190465470000230467370000280469670000220472470000200474670000180476670000210478470000160480570000180482170000180483970000200485770000210487770000170489870000140491570000150492970000170494470000200496170000220498170000180500377301190502121826062025-12-10       2025    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.25140401222DOI1 aMCMICHAEL, C. N. H.  aCenturies of compounding human influence on Amazonian forests.h[electronic resource]  c2025  aNa publicação: Joice Ferreira.  aRecent evidence suggests that the ecological footprints of pre-Columbian Indigenous peoples in Amazonia persist in modern forests. Ecological impacts resulting from European colonization c. 1550 CE and the Amazonian Rubber Boom c. 1850 to 1920 CE are largely unexplored but could be important additive influences on forest structure and tree species composition. Using environmental niche models, we show the highest probabilities of pre-Columbian and colonial occupation sites, and hence human-induced ecological influences, occurred in forests along rivers. In many areas, the predicted pre-Columbian and colonial distributions overlap spatially with the potential for superimposed ecological influences. Environmental gradients are known to structure Amazonian vegetation composition, but they are also strong predictors of past human influence, both spatially and temporally. Our comparisons of model outputs with relative abundances of Amazonian tree species suggest that pre-Columbian and colonial-period ecological legacies are associated with modern forest composition.  aAmazonia  aBiodiversity  aForest management  aLand use  aTropical forests  aBiodiversidade  aFloresta Nativa  aFloresta Tropical  aManejo  aUso da Terra  aColonization  aEcological legacy  aHyperdominance  aIndigenous land use  aTropical forest1 aBUSH, M. B.1 aSTEEGE, H. ter1 aPIPERNO, D. R.1 aGOSLING, W. D.1 aNASCIMENTO, M. N.1 aLOMBARDO, U.1 aCOELHO, L. de S.1 aAMARAL, I. L. do1 aMATOS, F. D. de A.1 aLIMA FILHO, D. de A.1 aCASTILHO, C. V. de1 aWITTMANN, F.1 aGUEVARA-ANDINO, J. E.1 aMAGNUSSON, W. E.1 aSALOMÃO, R. P.1 aPHILLIPS, O. L.1 aREVILLA, J. D. C.1 aIRUME, M. V.1 aMARTINS, M. P.1 aPIEDADE, M. T. F.1 aRAMOS, J. F.1 aPITMAN, N. C. A.1 aLUIZE, B. G.1 aNOVO, E. M. M. de L.1 aVARGAS, P. N.1 aSILVA, T. S. F.1 aVENTICINQUE, E. M.1 aMANZATTO, A. G.1 aREIS, N. F. C.1 aCASULA, K. R.1 aCORONADO, E. N. H.1 aMONTERO, J. C.1 aSCHÖNGART, J.1 aARBOLEDA, N. C.1 aMENDOZA, A. M.1 aZARTMAN, C. E.1 aVASQUEZ, R.1 aMOSTACEDO, B.1 aTERBORGH, J.1 aDEMARCHI, L. O.1 aASSIS, R. L.1 aMEDEIROS, M. B. de1 aQUARESMA, A. C.1 aSIMON, M. F.1 aANDRADE, A.1 aCAMARGO, J. L.1 aFELDPAUSCH, T. R.1 aKILLEEN, T. J.1 aLAURANCE, W. F.1 aLAURANCE, S. G. W.1 aRINCÓN, L. M.1 aFARIAS, E. de S.1 aNASCIMENTO, H. E. M.1 aCINTRA, B. B. L.1 aBAKER, T. R.1 aFEITOSA, Y. O.1 aMOGOLLÓN, H. F.1 aARAUJO-MURAKAMI, A.1 aBRIENEN, R.1 aLOPES, M. A.1 aMAGALHÃES, J. L. L.1 aQUEIROZ, H. L. de1 aCOMISKEY, J. A.1 aMARIMON, B. S.1 aMARIMON-JUNIOR, B. H.1 aDAMASCO, G.1 aDRAPER, F. C.1 aGARCÍA-VILLACORTA, R.1 aLOPES, A.1 aVICENTINI, A.1 aVALVERDE, F. C.1 aALONSO, A.1 aDALLMEIER, F.1 aFERREIRA, L. V.1 aGOMES, V. H. F.1 aAGUIAR, D. P. P.1 aCARVALHO, F. A.1 aGRIBEL, R.1 aPANSONATO, M. P.1 aAYMARD C., G. A.1 aFINE, P. V. A.1 aLICONA, J. C.1 aZEGARRA, B. E. V.1 aVOS, V. A.1 aARROYO, L.1 aCERÓN, C.1 aSILVEIRA, M.1 aSTROPP, J.1 aDALY, D.1 aMILLIKEN, W.1 aMOLINA, G. P.1 aPAREDES, M. R.1 aBARLOW, J.1 aBERENGUER, E.1 aAMARAL, D. D. do1 aFERREIRA, J. N.1 aJIMENEZ, E. M.1 aKLITGAARD, B.1 aMORA, M. C. P.1 aPERES, C. A.1 aSTEVENSON, P. R.1 aDEXTER, K. G.1 aDI FIORE, A.1 aHUAMANTUPA-CHUQUIMACO, I.1 aPENA, J. L. M.1 aPENNINGTON, T.1 aPEREIRA, L. de O.1 aPHILLIPS, J. F.1 aRIVAS-TORRES, G.1 aHILDEBRAND, P. von1 aNORONHA, J. C.1 aBARBOSA, E. M.1 aBARBOSA, F. R.1 aBONATES, L. C. de M.1 aCARPANDEO, R. de S.1 aDOZA, H. P. D.1 aFUENTES, A.1 aGÓMEZ, R. Z.1 aGONZALES, T.1 aGONZALES, G. P. G.1 aMALHI, Y.1 aMIRANDA, I. P. de A.1 aPINTO, L. F. M.1 aPRIETO, A.1 aRODRIGUES, D. de J.1 aRUDAS, A.1 aTELLO, J. S.1 aVELA, C. I. A.1 aALBUQUERQUE, B. W.1 aCANO, A.1 aHOLMGREN, M.1 aNASCIMENTO, M. T.1 aOLIVEIRA, A. A.1 aROCHA, M.1 aRUSCHEL, A. R.1 aSCUDELLE, V. V.1 aSIERRA, R.1 aSILMAN, M. R.1 aSILVA, N.1 aTIRADO, M.1 aUMAÑA, M. N.1 aVRIESENDORP, C.1 aBAIDER, C.1 aBALSLEV, H.1 aLINARES-PALOMINO, R.1 aMENDOZA, C.1 aMESONES, I.1 aPARADA, G. A.1 aALEXIADES, M. N.1 aFARFAN-RIOS, W.1 aGARCIA-CABRERA, K.1 aCUENCA, W. P.1 aPANSINI, S.1 aPAULETTO, D.1 aAREVALO, F. R.1 aSAMPAIO, A. F.1 aSANDOVAL, E. H. V.1 aGAMARRA, L. V.1 aCARIM, M. de J. V.1 aGUIMARÃES, J. R. da S.1 aPIPOLY III, J. J.1 aSOUZA, F. C. de1 aGUEDES, M. C.1 aTOLEDO, J. J. de1 aCAMPELO, W.1 aHENKEL, T. W.1 aMOLINO, J.-F.1 aCOSTA, J. B. P.1 aVIEIRA, I. C. G.1 aSABATIER, D.1 aDUQUE, A.1 aZULETA, D.1 aTRINDADE, T.1 aTAMANAHA, E. K.1 aALMEIDA, F. O. de1 aFEELEY, K. J.  tProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States if Americagv. 122, n. 47, e2514040122, 2025.