02334naa a2200253 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400510007410000200012524501050014526000090025052015800025965000230183965300200186265300210188265300270190370000130193070000210194370000240196470000190198870000170200777300560202421811852025-11-05       2025    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a1873-73317 ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2025.1277352DOI1 aSOUZA, D. P. de  aStructuring and parameterizing a model for simulating annual ryegrass growth.h[electronic resource]  c2025  aAbstract: Annual ryegrass is a valuable winter forage crop globally. Simulation studies for winter forage crops are limited, highlighting the need for a crop-specific model to improve precision and accuracy in estimating yields, particularly in cut-and-carry systems. This study aimed to develop a model for the annual ryegrass crop using the APSIM platform. For this purpose, two growing seasons were conducted in different years in Piracicaba, Brazil, using the cultivar BRS Ponteio under irrigation and rainfed conditions in 2018 and 2019. This study calibrated the parameters of the organs, phenology, the fraction of structural partitioning, senescence rate, and leaf residence time. The data of plant and soil water variables observed versus estimated by the model was evaluated by calculating statistical indices. The APSIM-Annual Ryegrass model efficiently estimated total and live forage mass of annual ryegrass under both irrigated and rainfed conditions, with accuracy ranging from acceptable to very good (CCC between 0.71 and 0.91, and NSE between 0.51 and 0.84), and low errors (RMSE between 36.58 and 62.52 g m−2) in cut-and-carry management. The model better simulated the total forage mass, live forage mass, leaf mass, and stem mass under irrigation conditions. Soil water dynamics were satisfactorily simulated in both irrigated and rainfed conditions in the layer from 0 to 0.70 m (CCC from 0.73 to 0.86, and NSE from 0.52 to 0.60). The APSIM- Annual Ryegrass model efficiently estimated the total and live forage mass and the soil water dynamics.  aSoil water balance  aAnnual ryegrass  aItalian ryegrass  aLolium multiflorum Lam1 aBOSI, C.1 aMENDONÇA, F. C.1 aPEZZOPANE, J. R. M.1 aFEITOSA, T. S.1 aOJEDA, J. J.  tEuropean Journal of Agronomygv. 170, 127735, 2025.