02544naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000220011224501170013426000090025152016780026065000120193865000240195065000210197465000090199565000090200465300130201365300260202670000170205270000250206970000260209470000210212070000200214170000200216177300730218121781842025-08-21       2025    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2025.1098942DOI1 aBORTOLO, L. de S.  aBiodiversification with perennial forages increases soil carbon stocks and soybean yield.h[electronic resource]  c2025  aIntegrating perennial tropical forages into soybean systems is an alternative to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and crop productivity under challenging tropical conditions in Brazil's MATOPIBA region. This 10-year study evaluated the effects of overseeding perennial forages (Urochloa and Megathyrsus genera) and annual (Pennisetum glaucum) on SOC stocks and soybean yield, compared to fallow and pasture systems. For characterization of soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, soil samples were collected in the 0–30 cm and 0–100 cm deep and stable isotopes were used to trace carbon inputs. Perennial forages increased SOC stocks from up to 0.9 Mg ha−1 yr−1.,M. maximus reached the highest gains (94 Mg ha−1on meter deep), whereas, Pearl millet system showed carbon losses of 0.25 Mg ha−1 yr−1.The average yield of soybean under perennial forages was 4142 kg ha−1, which represents a percentage of 13 and 20 % higher than pearl millet and fallow, respectively. Isotopic analysis indicated soybean residues as the primary contributor to SOC gains, likely due to their high nitrogen content enhancing microbial efficiency. Overseeding perennial forages improved soil carbon and soybean productivity, offering a sustainable intensification strategy for MATOPIBA regions with sandy soils and short rainy seasons. In contrast, pearl millet produced a limited amount of biomass and failed to sustain SOC or yield benefits. These facts emphasize the hypothesis of the benefits that perennial forages promote climate-smart solutions by increasing C sequestration, crop productivity, and agricultural resilience in tropical agroecosystems.  aCarbono  aForrageira Tropical  aGramínea Perene  aSoja  aSolo  aMatopiba  aSeqüestro de carbono1 aSOUZA, V. S.1 aALMEIDA, R. E. M. de1 aOLIVEIRA, D. M. da S.1 aCANISARES, L. P.1 aSOUZA, L. F. N.1 aCHERUBIN, M. R.  tAgriculture, Ecosystems & Environmentgv. 394, article 109894, 2025.