02962naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000230011224501630013526000090029830000100030752020610031765300280237865300200240665300260242665300200245265300250247270000220249770000170251970000200253670000200255670000200257670000200259670000180261677300380263421765192025-06-09       2025    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-025-01950-22DOI1 aOLIVEIRA, L. F. R.  aCombining Electrospun Nanofbers, Paenibacillus polymyxa Fermented Broth, and Silver Nanoparticles for Enhanced Antimicrobial Materials.h[electronic resource]  c2025  a13 p.  aAbstract The World Health Organization has identifed antimicrobial resistance as one of the top ten signifcant threats to global public health. For instance, it is predicted that conventional antibiotics will progressively lose their efcacy, accentuating the urgency to fnd innovative solutions to combat microorganisms. Eforts to develop novel antimicrobial agents are highly sought, as well as to explore the potential of natural products, such as plant extracts, and microbial secondary metabolites. In this direction, the Paenibacillus polymyxa RNC-D fermented broth (PFB), which is rich in antimicrobial peptides, was tested as component of nanostructured antimicrobial mat. For this, PFB was incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofbers produced by electrospinning, which were further modifed with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to produce enhanced antimicrobial materials. The materials were physicochemically characterized using distinct techniques, while the microbiological studies were carried out using the agar disk difusion method, microbial penetration test and percentage of bacterial growth inhibition in suspension. The results showed that the incorporation of 25% of the PFB caused a signifcant improvement in the fber spinnability, resulting in nanofbers with less surface defects. Moreover, the wettability and hydrophilicity of the mats increased. Antimicrobial studies demonstrated the importance of the PFB to the formulation, which acted synergically, improving the distribution of AgNPs onto the fbers. While the fbrous mats demonstrated a protective efect against environmental microbes, when combined with AgNPs the PCL/PFB mats exhibited an inhibition halo of approximately 11.1±0.4 mm in the agar difusion test and showed capability of inhibiting the bacterial growth against E. coli. Therefore, our results demonstrate that combining electrospun nanofbers membrane, fermented broth and silver nanoparticles can be an alternative for developing enhanced antimicrobial materials with potential for biomedical applications.  aAntimicrobial materials  aElectrospinning  aElectrospun nanofbers  aFermented broth  aSecondary metabolite1 aTEODORO, K. B. R.1 aANDRE, R. S.1 aCOSTA, V. P. V.1 aCAVICCHIOLI, R.1 aMERCANTE, L. A.1 aSOUSA, C. P. de1 aCORREA, D. S.  tBioNanoSciencegv. 15, 356, 2025.