03032naa a2200373 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400530007410000200012724501600014726000090030752019310031665000230224765000170227065000110228765000150229865000110231365000200232465000150234465300140235965300200237365300240239365300160241765300230243370000190245670000240247570000220249970000190252170000160254070000170255670000200257377300650259321750562025-04-24       2025    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a1055-79037 ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2025.1083472DOI1 aSERBINA, L. Š.  aDeciphering the patterns and timing of diversification of the genus Melanastera (HemipterabPsylloidea: Liviidae) in the Neotropics.h[electronic resource]  c2025  aEven after decades of research on diversification in the Neotropics, our understanding of the evolutionary processes that shaped Neotropical clades is still incomplete. In the present study, we used different divergence times and likelihood-based methods to investigate the influence of biogeography and host plant associations on the diversification of the most species-rich psyllid genus Melanastera (Liviidae) from the Neotropics as a model group of herbivorous insects. We used molecular phylogenetic data from seven gene fragments (four mitochondrial and three nuclear). The putatively monophyletic group of Neotropical Melanastera species has an estimated crown node age of 20.2 Ma (ML, CI 20.2–30.6) or 23.2 Ma (BI, 95 % HPD 16.6–32.6), with diversification occurring mainly in the Upper Miocene, although some species groups diversified in the Pliocene or Pleistocene. Biogeographic analysis suggests that the Neotropical Melanastera originated from the Pacific region of South and Central America. We detected a shift in diversification rates that likely occurred either at the time of origin of Melanastera or during the main colonisation of the Atlantic and Amazon Forests, followed by a subsequent slowdown in speciation rates. State-dependent speciation and extinction models revealed a significant relationship between this diversification shift and the shift of Melanastera to the plant families Melastomataceae and Annonaceae, reflecting the impact of host switching on speciation rates in this group. This period also coincides with several independent dispersal events from the Atlantic and Amazon Forests to other parts of the Neotropics. Taken together, the results of the current study suggest that diversification of Melanastera was facilitated by shifts to new host families, which may have promoted the dispersal of Melanastera into new adaptive zones with subsequent processes of local speciation.  aAdaptive radiation  aBiogeography  aBrazil  aDispersão  aInseto  aPraga de Planta  aRadiação  aDispersal  aDiversification  aHerbivorous insects  aHost shifts  aJumping plant lice1 aBURCKHARDT, D.1 aDUŠÁTKOVÁ, L. P.1 aQUEIROZ, D. L. de1 aGOLDENBERG, R.1 aSCHULER, H.1 aPERCY, D. M.1 aMALENOVSKÝ, I.  tMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolutiongv. 208, 108347, 2025.