02400naa a2200337 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400440006010000140010424501020011826000090022050000180022952014500024765000140169765000220171165000230173365000150175665000270177165000200179865000240181865000120184265000230185465000240187765300230190165300230192465300220194765300160196970000120198570000200199777300450201721748832025-04-15       2025    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf0352DOI1 aENGEL, E.  aAphids and their parasitoids persist using temporal pairing and synchrony.h[electronic resource]  c2025  aOnline first.  aThe study analyzed the population dynamics of aphids and their parasitoids in winter cereals in southern Brazil, using wavelet transform (WT) to detect patterns of periodicity and synchronization over a decade (2011 to 2020). The wavelet analysis revealed different patterns of population peaks between aphid species and their parasitoids. Aphids, such as Rhopalosiphum padi L., Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), and Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker), showed varied peak frequencies, with M. dirhodum consistently exhibiting a shortening interval between outbreaks. In contrast, parasitoids maintained more-constant patterns, with peak frequencies predominantly around 12 mo. Cluster analysis identified 4 highly synchronized aphid-parasitoid pairs: S. graminumiaeretiella rapae (MacIntosh), R. padi–Aphidius platensis Brèthes, S. avenae–Aphidius uzbekistanicus Luzhetzki, and M. dirhodum–Aphidius rhopalosiphi De Stefani-Perez. The wavelet coherence (WC) showed significant correlations between the time series of these pairs, ranging from in-phase to anti-phase relationships over time. The results indicate that wavelet analysis is a viable tool for characterizing non-stationary time series, such as aphid and parasitoid populations. Understanding these dynamics and synchronization patterns can support integrated pest-management strategies, enabling more effective and sustainable agricultural interventions.  aAphididae  aAphis (Aphididae)  aBiological control  aBraconidae  aMetopolophium dirhodum  aSitobion avenae  aControle Biológico  aPulgão  aRhopalosiphum Padi  aSchizaphis Graminum  aEcological pattern  aPadrão ecológico  aSéries temporais  aTime series1 aLAU, D.1 aGODOY, W. A. C.  tEnvironmental Entomology, p. 1-10, 2025.