02828naa a2200277 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000170011224501830012926000090031252019260032165000230224765000250227065000240229565300240231965300150234370000240235870000220238270000200240470000170242470000190244170000200246070000180248077300520249821733042025-03-07       2025    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-025-00698-02DOI1 aCUNHA, A. N.  aAmazonian Trichoderma strains in controlling southern blight caused by Agroathelia rolfsii in tomatoes and new record of Trichoderma rugulosum from Brazil.h[electronic resource]  c2025  aThe Trichoderma genus is considered to be one of the most promising in the control of phytopathogens. The mechanisms of antagonism that are common among Trichoderma species are mycoparasitism and competition for space and nutrients. Some species also exhibit antibiosis through the production of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity, lytic enzymes, and volatile compounds. Trichoderma species-mediated biocontrol can be exerted by indirect mechanisms such as resistance induction. In the search for efcient isolates of Trichoderma spp. for the biological control of southern blight in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum), a screening process was conducted involving 33 isolates. This screening was based on the characterization of mycoparasitic activity and the reduction of southern blight incidence observed in a preliminary assay using tomatoes of the Yoshimatsu L-3 cultivar under controlled greenhouse conditions. From this preliminary assay, fve isolates demonstrated the capability to completely suppress southern blight disease and were identifed by phylogenetic analysis using the partial sequence of tef1-α gene. Subsequently, these promising isolates were further evaluated in a greenhouse assay, in which each isolate was subjected to three replicates, each consisting of fve tomato plants. Three strains, Trichoderma endophyticum INPA 2473, Trichoderma asperelloides INPA 2951, and Trichoderma rugulosum INPA 2957, completely inhibited the disease symptoms, whereas the Trichoderma asperellum strains INPA 2959 and INPA 2961 reduced the disease incidence to 6.6 % and 13.33%, respectively. Interestingly, the isolates that showed the best performance in plant assays were not the best in terms of mycoparasitic activity, indicating that the suppression of southern blight by these isolates involves other factors. In addition, this study reports new records of Trichoderma rugulosum in Brazil.  aBiological control  aSolanum lycopersicum  aControle Biológico  aAgroathelia rolfsii  aAntagonism1 aCOELHO-NETTO, R. A.1 aWILLERDING, A. L.1 aASSIS, L. A. G.1 aSOUSA, T. F.1 aCANIATO, F. F.1 aSILVA, G. F. da1 aHANADA, R. E.  tTropical Plant Pathologygv. 50, art. 22, 2025.