02987naa a2200421 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400520007410000260012624501260015226000090027852017980028765000140208565000180209965000150211765000190213265000090215165000210216065000130218165000100219465300180220465300140222265300190223665300240225570000260227970000220230570000250232770000240235270000200237670000190239670000290241570000170244470000220246170000260248370000160250977300400252521695772025-02-07       2024    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a0969-02397 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-024-06258-02DOI1 aOLIVEIRA, K. M. G. de  aTesting the ecotoxicity of nanofibrillated kraft-bleached pulp for use in nanotechnology products.h[electronic resource]  c2024  aCellulose nanofbers (CNFs) are nanomaterials with several potential applications in nanotechnology-based products, and their renewable origin and biodegradability property have attracted attention in sustainable product development; however, their environmental impacts still need to be fully understood as other nanoparticles. In this study, CNFs obtained from bleached cellulose pulp of Eucalyptus sp were evaluated regarding their potential to afect terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Thus, an ecotoxicity testing battery composed of phytotoxicity test, plant genotoxicity assay, earthworm acute toxicity test, algal chronic toxicity test, and Daphnia magna acute immobilization test was considered herein. Also, mean diameter and zeta potential were investigated in CNF exposure media to evaluate its aggregation behavior. CNFs did not present acute toxicity to aquatic organisms (algae and microcrustaceans) and did not cause lethal efects on earthworms. The results from plant test systems showed that CNFs did not inhibit seed germination or root development or cause cellular and genetic changes in plant cells. This later result does not agree with the scientifc literature, which reported genotoxicity for other types of nanocellulose, which suggests that chemical identity and physicochemical properties can infuence the toxicity of nanocelluloses. Thus, CNF kraft-bleached pulp is not toxic to key organisms of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Probably, larger aggregates precipitated in the aquatic toxicity tests, preventing the interaction of nanoparticles with the living organisms. Therefore, the fndings presented here open a good perspective of applications of CNF kraft-bleached pulp on nanotechnology-based products as potential environmentally safe nanomaterial.  aCellulose  aDaphnia magna  aEucalyptus  aNanotechnology  aPulp  aToxicity testing  aCelulose  aPolpa  aEcotoxicidade  aNanofbers  aNanotecnologia  aTeste de toxicidade1 aCARVALHO, E. H. de S.1 aPEREIRA, B. da S.1 aPETERSOHN JUNIOR, E.1 aMAGALHAES, W. L. E.1 aMOURA, R. B. P.1 aTAVEIRA, S. F.1 aCADEMARTORI, P. H. G. de1 aJACUMAZO, J.1 aFREITAS, R. A. de1 aOLIVEIRA, G. A. R. de1 aLEME, D. M.  tCellulosegv. 32, p. 519-534, 2025.