02914naa a2200409 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000250011224501590013726000090029652017030030565000190200865000220202765000240204965000240207365000100209765000160210765300190212365300220214265300090216465300090217370000220218270000220220470000180222670000200224470000180226470000190228270000140230170000220231570000210233770000220235870000160238070000190239670000240241577300650243921685492025-01-16       2024    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-024-04761-32DOI1 aBERNARDINO, K. da C.  aGenetic loci associated with sorghum drought tolerance in multiple environments and their sensitivity to environmental covariables.h[electronic resource]  c2024  aAgriculture under an erratic climate requires tapping into a reservoir of fexible adaptive loci that can lead to lasting yield stability under multiple abiotic stress conditions. Domesticated in the hot and dry regions of Africa, sorghum is considered a harsh crop, which is adapted to important stress factors closely related to climate change. To investigate the genetic basis of drought stress adaptation in sorghum, we used a multi-environment multi-locus genome-wide association study (MEML-GWAS) in a subset of a diverse sorghum association panel (SAP) phenotyped for performance both under well-watered and water stress conditions. We selected environments in Brazil that foreshadow agriculture where both drought and temperature stresses coincide as in many tropical agricultural frontiers. Drought reduced average grain yield (Gy) by up to 50% and also afected fowering time (Ft) and plant height (Ph). We found 15 markers associated with Gy on all sorghum chromosomes except for chromosomes 7 and 9, in addition to loci associated with phenology traits. Loci associated with Gy strongly interacted with the environment in a complex way, while loci associated with phenology traits were less afected by G×E. Studying environmental covariables potentially underpinning G×E, increases in relative humidity and evapotranspiration favored and disfavored grain yield, respectively. High temperatures infuenced G×E and reduced sorghum yields, with a~100 kg ha−1 average decrease in grain yield for each unit increase in maximum temperature between 29 and 38 °C. Extreme G×E for sorghum stress resilience poses an additional challenge to breed crops for moving, erratic weather conditions.  aClimate change  aGenética Vegetal  aMudança Climática  aResistência a Seca  aSorgo  aTemperatura  aDrought stress  aEstresse hídrico  aGWAS  aG×E1 aGUILHEN, J. H. S.1 aMENEZES, C. B. de1 aTARDIN, F. D.1 aSCHAFERT, R. E.1 aBASTOS, E. A.1 aCARDOSO, M. J.1 aGAZAF, R.1 aROSA, J. R. B. F.1 aGARCIA, A. A. F.1 aGUIMARÃES, C. T.1 aKOCHIAN, L.1 aPASTINA, M. M.1 aMAGALHAES, J. V. de  tTheoretical and Applied Geneticsgv. 137, article 259, 2024.