03401naa a2200361 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400530006010000230011324501560013626000090029230000130030150000340031452021050034865000160245365000350246965000350250465000270253965000250256665300150259165300180260670000220262470000220264670000160266870000210268470000170270570000180272270000250274070000220276570000220278770000230280977302070283221680682024-10-15       2024    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9338-3_22DOI1 aMOLINARI, M. D. C.  aNavigating the path from lab to marketbregulatory challenges and opportunities for genome editing technologies for agriculture.h[electronic resource]  c2024  ap. 25-63  aNa Publicação: Elibio Rech.  aOver recent decades, an array of molecular tools has been applied in plant genome engineering, including TALENs (transcription activator-like effector nucleases), ZFNs (zinc-finger nucleases), and CRISPR/Cas systems (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats). At present, CRISPR/Cas systems have caught significant industry attention owing to their cost-effectiveness and precision in genomic modulation, thereby serving as a potent tool in plant science research. Importantly, plants subjected to genome editing via CRISPR/Cas systems might not be classified as genetically modified organisms (GMO), which could streamline their acceptance worldwide. Originally discovered as a defense mechanism against plasmids and invading viruses in bacteria and archaea, the CRISPR/Cas system includes two components: the CRISPR ribonucleic acid (crRNA) and the Cas protein. The crRNA guides the Cas protein to a specific (DNA) target sequence. Once there, the protein cleaves the sequence, thereby impeding replication. In relation to plant genome editing, researchers have modified the crRNA to target distinct genome sequences, and the Cas protein has been manipulated to function as either an endonuclease or a base editor. The most frequently used enzymes from the Type II CRISPR/Cas system are CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cas12a (Cpf1). CRISPR/Cas systems and other genome editing tools harbor immense potential to revolutionize plant breeding and biotechnology. Nevertheless, their use must undergo stringent regulation to ensure safe and responsible application. The future holds promise for plant genome editing, with safety being a paramount concern for crop gene editing. As such, it is vital to perpetuate research and development in this field to fully exploit its potential advantages for plant science and agriculture because, as this technology advances and new tools emerge, it becomes crucial for governments to keep abreast of cutting-edge scientific progress. This awareness allows for a balance between gene editing benefits and the associated safety and ethical considerations.  aFood safety  aGenetically modified organisms  aMelhoramento Genético Vegetal  aOrganismo Transgênico  aSegurança Alimentar  aCRISPR/Cas  aCrop breeding1 aPAGLIARINI, R. F.1 aFLORENTINO, L. H.1 aLIMA, R. N.1 aARRAES, F. B. M.1 aABBAD, S. V.1 aFARIAS, M. P.1 aMERTZ-HENNING, L. M.1 aRECH FILHO, E. L.1 aNEPOMUCENO, A. L.1 aMOLINARI, H. B. C.  tIn: CHEN, J.-T; AHMAR, S. (Ed.). Plant genome editing technologies: speed breeding, crop improvement and sustainable agriculture. Singapore: Springer, 2024. (Interdisciplinary Biotechnological Acvances)