02588naa a2200265 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400540006010000220011424501080013626000090024430000110025352017870026465300160205165300230206765300250209070000250211570000220214070000190216270000210218170000250220270000150222770000280224277300520227021568202023-10-03       2023    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2023.1009262DOI1 aSAMPAIO, A. P. C.  aEcodesign of bio-based films for food packagingbChallenges and recommendations.h[electronic resource]  c2023  a1 - 16  aBio-based films have become good alternatives to petrochemical-based films for single-use applications owing to increased environmental awareness and the search for sustainable products.  However, providing novel bio-based films with reduced environmental impacts compared with  fossil-based films requires ecodesign in the early product research, development, and innovation  (RDI) stages. This review investigates the main challenges in the ecodesign of bio-based films and  provides recommendations for overcoming them in early RDI. We identified the main materials,  production techniques, and properties of bio-based films for food packaging, which are important  for identifying product functionality and performance and selecting appropriate inventories. We  then review the life cycle assessments (LCA) of bio-based films and biopolymers to analyze the  modeling choices and impacts. Considering the vast literature on film formulations and properties, we found only a few published environmental assessments of bio-based films. The reviewed  studies focused on evaluating commercially available biopolymers by applying a conventional  cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment to select optimal formulations for a new packaging solution.  Most assessments relied only on laboratory data to calculate impacts and compared novel biopolymers with existing (mainly fossil-based) ones, disregarding the best practices for ex-ante LCA.  Major challenges in early film RDI include the lack of knowledge of film effects on packed food,  unclear definition of functionality, the use of novel bio-based compounds in film formulations,  hardening inventory development, and increasing uncertainty in impact assessment. We provide  recommendations for overcoming these and other challenges.  aEx-ante LCA  aProcess innovation  aTechnical indicators1 aMÜLLER-CARNEIRO, J.1 aPEREIRA, A. L. S.1 aROSA, M. de F.1 aMATTOS, A. L. A.1 aAZEREDO, H. M. C. de1 aFREIRE, F.1 aFIGUEIREDO, M. C. B. de  tEnvironmental Developmentgv. 48, 100926, 2023.