02635naa a2200301 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000150006024502020007526000090027752016680028665000140195465000180196865000100198665300200199665300420201665300490205865300210210765300250212870000180215370000160217170000180218770000180220570000160222370000240223970000140226377300560227721553532023-07-27       2023    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aFARMAN, M.  aA re-evaluation of phylogenomic data reveals that current understanding in wheat blast population biology and epidemiology is obfuscated by oversights in population sampling.h[electronic resource]  c2023  aAbstract: Wheat blast, caused by the Pyricularia oryzae Triticum lineage (PoT), first emerged in Brazil and quickly spread to neighboring countries. Its recent appearance in Bangladesh and Zambia highlights a need to understand the disease's population biology and epidemiology so as to mitigate pandemic outbreaks. Current knowledge is mostly based on characterizations of Brazilian wheat blast isolates and comparison with isolates from non-wheat, endemic grasses. These foregoing studies concluded that the wheat blast population lacks host specificity and, as a result, undergoes extensive gene flow with populations infecting non-wheat hosts. Additionally, based on genetic similarity between wheat blast and isolates infecting Urochloa species, it was proposed that the disease originally emerged via a host jump from this grass, and that Urochloa likely plays a central role in wheat blast epidemiology, owing to its widespread use as a pasture grass. However, due to inconsistencies with broader phylogenetic studies, we suspected that these seminal studies hadn't actually sampled the populations normally found on endemic grasses and, instead, had repeatedly isolated members of PoT and the related Lolium pathogen lineage (PoL1). Re-analysis of the Brazilian data as part of a comprehensive, global, phylogenomic dataset that included a small number of S. American isolates sampled away from wheat confirmed our suspicion and identified four new P. oryzae lineages on grass hosts. As a result, the conclusions underpinning current understanding in wheat blast's evolution, population biology and epidemiology are unsubstantiated and could be equivocal.  aBrucelose  aEpidemiologia  aTrigo  aBioinformática  aDiseases in Natural Plant Populations  aDoenças em Populações de Plantas Naturais  aFungal Pathogens  aPatógenos fúngicos1 aASCARI, J. P.1 aRAHNAMA, M.1 aDEL PONTE, E.1 aPEDLEY, K. F.1 aMARTINEZ, S1 aFERNANDES, J. M. C.1 aVALENT, B  tPhytopathology, 24 jul. 2023. Online ahead of print