02388naa a2200301 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400570007410000220013124501720015326000090032530000100033452014030034465300120174765300160175965300380177565300250181365300590183870000200189770000230191770000250194070000170196570000180198270000170200070000220201777300470203921532912024-11-28       2023    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a0013-46867 ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2023.1422712DOI1 aCATUNDA, L. G. S.  aSARS-CoV-2 detection enabled by a portable and label-free photoelectrochemical genosensor using graphitic carbon nitride and gold nanoparticles.h[electronic resource]  c2023  a10 p.  aFast, sensitive, simple, and cheap sensors are highly desirable to be applied in the health system because they improve point-of-care diagnostics, which can reduce the number of cases of infection or even deaths. In this context, here we report the development of a label-free genosensor using a screen-printed electrode modified with 2D-carbonylated graphitic carbon nitride (c-g-C3N4), poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA), and glutathione-protected gold nanoparticles (GSH-AuNPs) for photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection of SARS-CoV-2. We also made use of Arduino and 3D printing to miniaturize the sensor device. The electrode surface was characterized by AFM and SEM techniques, and the gold nanoparticles by UV?Vis spectrophotometry. For SARSCoV-2 detection, capture probe DNA was immobilized on the electrode surface. The hybridization of the final genosensor was tested with a synthetic single-strand DNA target and with natural saliva samples using the photoelectrochemistry method. The device presented a linear range from 1 to 10,000 fmol L− 1 and a limit of detection of 2.2 and 3.4 fmol L− 1 using cpDNA 1A and 3A respectively. The sensibility and accuracy found for the genosensor using cpDNA 1A using biological samples were 93.3 and 80% respectively, indicating the potential of the label-free and portable genosensor to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva samples.  aArduino  aSaliva test  aSaliva test Miniaturized platform  aSARS-CoV-2 detection  aSARS-CoV-2 detection Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor1 aPRADO, T. M. do1 aOLIVEIRA, T. R. de1 aSANTOS, D. J. A. dos1 aGOMES, N. O.1 aCORREA, D. S.1 aFARIA, R. C.1 aMACHADO, S. A. S.  tElectrochimica Actagv. 451, 142271, 2023.