02772naa a2200421 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000180011224501300013026000090026052014920026965000370176165000120179865000170181065000210182765000130184865000210186165000290188265000150191165300250192665300080195165300290195965300130198865300230200170000200202470000210204470000260206570000230209170000190211470000220213370000290215570000250218470000250220970000220223470000280225677300660228421514882023-02-04       2022    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00792-42DOI1 aJOVINO, R. S.  aElite Bradyrhizobium strains boost biological nitrogen fixation and peanut yield in tropical drylands.h[electronic resource]  c2022  aPeanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important crop for the family-based systems in the tropics, mainly in Brazil. In the Brazilian drylands, peanuts are cropped in low technological systems, and cheap and efficient technologies are needed to improve crop yield and sustainability. Despite this importance, few data are available on selecting efficient peanut rhizobia in experiments under different edaphoclimatic conditions. This work evaluated the agronomic efficiency and the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by two elite Bradyrhizobium strains under four different fields in the Brazilian semiarid region. We compared a new efficient strain Bradyrhizobium sp. ESA 123 with the reference strain B. elkanii SEMIA 6144, currently used in peanut rhizobial inoculants in Brazil. Besides the inoculated treatments, two uninoculated controls were assessed (with and without 80 kg ha−1 of N-urea). The BNF was estimated by the δ15N approach in three out of four field assays. BNF contribution was improved by inoculation of both Bradyrhizobium strains, ranging from 42 to 51% in Petrolina and 43 to 60% in Nossa Senhora da Glória. Peanuts? yields benefited from the inoculation of both strains and N fertilization in all four assays. Nevertheless, the results showed the efficiency of both strains under different edaphoclimatic conditions, indicating the native strain ESA 123 as a potential bacterium for recommendation as inoculants for peanuts in Brazil, mainly in drylands.  aArachis hypogaea subsp. hypogaea  aPeanuts  aRhizobiaceae  aSeed inoculation  aAmendoim  aArachis Hypogaea  aFixação de Nitrogênio  aInoculante  aElite Bradyrhizobium  aFBN  aInoculação de sementes  aRhizobia  aSeleção de cepas1 aSILVA, T. R. da1 aRODRIGUES, R. T.1 aCARVALHO, J. R. de S.1 aCUNHA, J. B. de A.1 aLIMA, L. M. de1 aSANTOS, R. C. dos1 aSANTOS, C. E. de R. e S.1 aRIBEIRO, P. R. de A.1 aFREITAS, A. D. S. de1 aMARTINS, L. M. V.1 aFERNANDES JUNIOR, P. I.  tBrazilian Journal of Microbiologygv. 53, p. 1623-1632, 2022.