06043naa a2201633 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000180011224501470013026000090027752015480028665000120183465000140184665000110186065000220187165000110189365000200190465000110192465000190193565000170195470000190197170000230199070000220201370000230203570000290205870000230208770000140211070000190212470000210214370000210216470000200218570000250220570000230223070000140225370000190226770000220228670000260230870000200233470000190235470000180237370000170239170000160240870000210242470000270244570000200247270000180249270000130251070000250252370000160254870000200256470000220258470000220260670000210262870000240264970000180267370000180269170000230270970000190273270000210275170000160277270000220278870000170281070000260282770000280285370000190288170000220290070000170292270000200293970000220295970000230298170000230300470000200302770000170304770000200306470000320308470000270311670000170314370000280316070000200318870000200320870000160322870000200324470000140326470000170327870000220329570000190331770000210333670000240335770000170338170000170339870000180341570000200343370000200345370000230347370000190349670000190351570000280353470000260356270000190358870000190360770000280362670000200365470000180367470000210369270000230371370000290373670000200376570000200378570000200380570000170382570000180384270000260386070000180388670000250390470000200392970000180394970000150396770000150398270000190399770000230401670000170403970000180405670000160407470000270409070000240411770000230414170000160416470000230418070000210420370000170422470000240424170000170426570000170428270000230429970000240432270000230434677300400436921514382023-03-24       2023    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-022-00984-92DOI1 aCASTILHOS, D.  aVarroa destructor infestation levels in Africanized honey bee colonies in Brazil from 1977 when first detected to 2020.h[electronic resource]  c2023  aThe objectives of this review article were to examine the dynamics of Varroa destructor infestation levels in Africanized honey bees (AHB) in Brazil, since this parasitic mite was first detected in 1977. Data from published research articles, conference proceedings, congress abstracts, and unpublished data obtained from academic researchers was included. Although mite infestations varied significantly along the years, there were no indications that varroa negatively impacted Brazilian apiculture. The mean infestation levels have remained around 4.5 mites per 100 adult bees, with a median of 3.8, during the last 45 years. Adult bee and worker brood infestation rates were found to be similar, though with some geographical variation, including a tendency for higher infestations in the southern regions of the country. Various researchers have suggested that the low infestation levels could be a consequence of the tropical and subtropical climate, honey bee hybridization, grooming and hygienic behaviors, honey bee and mite genetic factors, low nutritional stress, management practices, low migratory stress, and environmental conditions. The lack of a need for chemical treatment of varroa infestations facilitates apiary management and favors organic beekeeping throughout the country. However, though AHB colonies and beekeeping in Brazil thrive without the need for treatment measures, more research should be conducted to better assess the impact that the low varroa mite infestations have on AHB colony health and productivity.  aClimate  aNutrition  aVarroa  aVarroa destructor  aAbelha  aAbelha Africana  aÁcaro  aApis Mellifera  aInfestação1 aPOLESSO, A. M.1 aSILVA, A. C. F. da1 aSANTOS, A. B. dos1 aLOPES, A. T. de C.1 aOLIVEIRA FILHO, A. A. de1 aCUNHA, A. F. S. da1 aPUKER, A.1 aMATIOLI, A. L.1 aCAMPOS, A. A. S.1 aMORAIS, A. L. de1 aMODRO, A. F. H.1 aSILVEIRA NETO, A. A.1 aPIRES, A. de S. M.1 aBIASI, C.1 aPEIXOTO, C. M.1 aMERCÊS, C. da C.1 aCARVALHO, C. A. L. de1 aPAIVA, C. da S.1 aPEREIRA, D. S.1 aFREIRE, D. S.1 aSOUZA, D. C.1 aJONG, D. de1 aSOARES, D. A. M.1 aARAÚJO NETO, E. R. de1 aSOUZA, E. A. de1 aSANTOS, E. B.1 aMAIA, E.1 aARAÚJO, E. A. B. de1 aLIMA, E. G.1 aTEIXEIRA, E. W.1 aNASCIMENTO, E. G.1 aSILVA, F. A. S. e1 aCAPPELARI, F. A.1 aCHAGAS SOBRINHO, F.1 aFONTES, F. M.1 aOLINTO, F. A.1 aSILVA, F. E. J. da1 aBERGAMO, G. C.1 aRODRIGUES, G. A.1 aMORETTO, G.1 aCASADIO, G. M. L.1 aBOGUS, G. M.1 aCARVALHO, G. G. P. de1 aOLIVEIRA NETO, G. L. de1 aCASTAGNINO, G.1 aQUEIROZ, G. S. de1 aPIRES, G. P.1 aSILVA, H. M. da1 aSILVA NETO, H. B.1 aNUNES, H. T. de S.1 aOLIVEIRA, I. P. P.1 aSAMBRANA, I. R.1 aROCHA, J. S.1 aBANDERÓ, J. L.1 aALBUQUERQUE, J. G. S. S. de1 aHOLANDA NETO, J. P. de1 aKASTELIC, J.1 aGUERRA JUNIOR, J. C. V.1 aCOSTA, J. R. da1 aJESUS, J. S. de1 aBENDINI, J.1 aGRAMACHO, K. P.1 aSOUZA, L.1 aLEONI, L. N.1 aGONÇALVES, L. S.1 aCESTARO, L. G.1 aMORAIS, L. da S.1 aDANTAS, L. F. C. F.1 aSERRA, L. S.1 aABREU, L. de1 aBORSUK, L. C.1 aPINTO, L. F. B.1 aSILVA, L. A. da1 aLIMA, L. A. dos A.1 aFOGAÇA, M. J.1 aISSA, M. R. C.1 aCORREIA-OLIVEIRA, M. E.1 aALVES, M. L. T. M. F.1 aBARRETO, M. R.1 aREY, M. C. del1 aBARBOSA, M. J. de O. C.1 aSILVA, M. R. da1 aMORAIS, M. M.1 aVINHAL-SILVA, N.1 aGOMES, P. T. de O.1 aGUIMARÃES-BEELEN, P. M.1 aSOUSA, P. O. de1 aCOSTA, P. S. C.1 aSOUZA, P. A. de1 aPAULA, R. de1 aMENDES, R. B.1 aGOMES, R. V. R. de S.1 aSANTOS, R. G.1 aNASCIMENTO, R. J. T.1 aSILVEIRA, R. D.1 aCABRAL, R. S.1 aTORRES, R.1 aBEELEN, R.1 aPEREIRA, R. A.1 aRIZZARDO, R. A. G.1 aCUNHA, S. A.1 aCELMER, S. T.1 aESTEVAN, S.1 aASSIS JUNIOR, S. L. de1 aMACIEL, S. V. S. A.1 aSILVA, S. J. R. da1 aMOREIRA, S.1 aSCHAFASCHEK, T. P.1 aBARROS, T. A. de1 aRUELA, T. H.1 aVITENA, T. M. de S.1 aBRIDI, T. R.1 aLEITE, V. M.1 aREIS, V. D. A. dos1 aNEVES, V. S. L. das1 aMEDEIROS, V. F. de  tApidologiegv. 54, Article 5, 2023.