02940naa a2200337 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000250011224502060013726000090034352018310035265000250218365000240220865000130223265000140224565300190225965300280227865300320230670000200233870000200235870000260237870000220240470000250242670000200245170000150247170000190248670000210250570000180252677300580254421471652022-11-17       2022    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-022-00854-22DOI1 aSEBASTIÃO, F. de A.  aEvaluation of the clinical safety and efficacy of fenbendazole and levamisole in the control of Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae in Colossoma macropomumbAcanthocephalosis treatments.h[electronic resource]  c2022  aOccurrences of parasitic infections caused by Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae in Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui), especially in the northern region of Brazil, have increased in the past two decades and have caused economic losses in tambaqui production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo efcacy and clinical safety of fenbendazole and levamisole in controlling and treating N. buttnerae in tambaqui for 30 days. Juvenile tambaqui naturally infected with N. buttnerae were distributed in 15 tanks (n = 12 per 1,000 L-tank), constituting fve treatments, in triplicate. Treatments were administered via diet (mg kg - 1 of live weight): control (0 mg kg - 1), F1 (100 mg kg - 1 of fenbendazole), F2 (200 mg kg - 1 of fenbendazole), L1 (200 mg kg - 1 of levamisole), and L2 (300 mg kg - 1 of levamisole). Fish survival rate was 100% during the entire experimental period. Fenbendazole treatments were not efective against N. buttnerae; however, L1 and L2 showed efcacy of 73.4 and 99.15%, respectively. Treatments with fenbendazole or levamisole did not afect the growth parameters of tambaqui. F1 and F2 showed signifcant reduction in the hemato- crit values when compared to L1, and hemoglobin values were signifcantly reduced in F1 when compared to L1, L2, and the control group. There were no signifcant diferences in RBC, MCV, and CHCM. The plasma glucose value was statistically lower in F1 than in the L1 (p = 0.03) and L2 (p = 0.02) treatments. For alanine aminotransferase, there was a signifcant reduction (p = 0.004) in the F1 and F2 groups compared to the L2 group. No statistical diference was observed for aspartate aminotransferase among the treatments. More studies are warranted to further evaluate other therapeutic strategies using shorter periods for controlling and efciently treating N. buttnerae.  aColossoma Macropomum  aPeixe de Água Doce  aTambaqui  aVerminose  aAcantocephalan  aAntiparasitic treatment  aNeoechinorhynchus buttnerae1 aROCHA, M. J. S.1 aBRANDÃO, F. R.1 aOLIVEIRA, M. I. B. de1 aSOUZA, D. C. de M1 aBARBOSA, B. C. do N.1 aMONTEIRO, P. C.1 aMAJOLO, C.1 aCRESCENCIO, R.1 aTAVARES-DIAS, M.1 aCHAGAS, E. C.  tAquaculture Internationalgv. 30, p. 1341-1351, 2022.