02722naa a2200421 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400520007410000180012624501290014426000090027352014750028265000370175765000170179465000160181165000210182765000190184865000120186765000130187965000150189265000160190765000140192365000120193765000160194970000230196570000210198870000260200970000230203570000190205870000220207770000290209970000250212870000250215370000220217870000290220077300710222921463242022-09-12       2022    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a1678-44057 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00792-42DOI1 aJOVINO, R. S.  aElite Bradyrhizobium strains boost biological nitrogen fxation and peanut yield in tropical drylands.h[electronic resource]  c2022  aPeanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important crop for the family-based systems in the tropics, mainly in Brazil. In the Brazilian drylands, peanuts are cropped in low technological systems, and cheap and efcient technologies are needed to improve crop yield and sustainability. Despite this importance, few data are available on selecting efcient peanut rhizobia in experiments under diferent edaphoclimatic conditions. This work evaluated the agronomic efciency and the biological nitrogen fxation (BNF) by two elite Bradyrhizobium strains under four diferent felds in the Brazilian semiarid region. We compared a new efcient strain Bradyrhizobium sp. ESA 123 with the reference strain B. elkanii SEMIA 6144, currently used in peanut rhizobial inoculants in Brazil. Besides the inoculated treatments, two uninoculated controls were assessed (with and without 80 kg ha−1 of N-urea). The BNF was estimated by the δ15N approach in three out of four feld assays. BNF contribution was improved by inoculation of both Bradyrhizobium strains, ranging from 42 to 51% in Petrolina and 43 to 60% in Nossa Senhora da Glória. Peanuts? yields benefted from the inoculation of both strains and N fertilization in all four assays. Nevertheless, the results showed the efciency of both strains under diferent edaphoclimatic conditions, indicating the native strain ESA 123 as a potential bacterium for recommendation as inoculants for peanuts in Brazil, mainly in drylands.  aArachis hypogaea subsp. hypogaea  aRhizobiaceae  aRhizobiales  aSeed inoculation  aSemiarid soils  aStrains  aAmendoim  aInoculante  aNitrogênio  aSeleção  aSemente  aSolo Árido1 aSILVA, T. R. da S.1 aRODRIGUES, R. T.1 aCARVALHO, J. R. de S.1 aCUNHA, J. B. de A.1 aLIMA, L. M. de1 aSANTOS, R. C. dos1 aSANTOS, C. E. de R. e S.1 aRIBEIRO, P. R. de A.1 aFREITAS, A. D. S. de1 aMARTINS, L. M. V.1 aFERNANDES-JÚNIOR, P. I.  tBrazilian Journal of Microbiologygv. 53, p. 1623-1632, jul. 2022.