02476naa a2200253 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000190011224501560013126000090028730000140029652016760031065300210198665300080200765300250201565300280204070000210206870000170208970000190210670000260212570000210215177300500217221345902022-06-10       2021    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-021-01394-12DOI1 aFONSECA, C. S.  aValorization of jute biomassbPerformance of fiber?cement composites extruded with hybrid reinforcement (fibers and nanofbrils).h[electronic resource]  c2021  a5743?5761  aIn this study, the characteristics of jute fbers and cellulose nanofbrils (CNFs) and their impacts on mechanical strength were compared, particularly from the standpoint of their application as reinforcement in extruded fber–cement composites. Raw jute fbers were subjected to an alkaline treatment before being fbrillated into CNFs. The fber–cement composites were produced with jute fbers (0.5% and 2%) and CNFs (0.5% and 2%) via extrusion process. Both percentages of reinforcement were based on the cement mass. In addition, hybrid composites with a mixture of fbers and CNFs were produced. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and carboxylic polyether were used as additives to improve the mixture’s rheology. The composites were subjected to natural weathering for 5 months before being analyzed for their physical and mechanical properties. CNFs and jute fbers subjected to NaOH treatment presented a higher initial degradation temperature (Tonset). The apparent porosity decreased for all compositions studied, reaching a 75% reduction for the sample reinforced with 2% CNFs. Fiber–cement with a hybrid reinforcement of 1.5% CNFs+0.5% fbers exhibited the strongest mechanical performance. All compositions showed a decrease in the modulus of elasticity after natural weathering. In contrast, the modulus of rupture and the limit of proportionality showed an average gain of 1 MPa for fber–cement composites produced with hybrid reinforcements. The better mechanical performance of the hybrid formulations may be owing to the synergistic work of the fbers and CNFs, suggesting the potential of cellulose CNFs for use as reinforcement in cement-based composites.  aCellulose fibers  aCNF  aLignocellulose fiber  aMechanical fibrillation1 aSCATOLINO, M. V.1 aSILVA, L. E.1 aMARTINS, M. A.1 aGUIMARÃES JUNIOR, M.1 aTONOLI, G. H. D.  tWaste and Biomass Valorizationgv. 12, 2021).