01940naa a2200301 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400560006010000200011624501300013626000090026652010420027565000110131765000220132865000200135065000100137065000240138065000130140465300200141765300280143765300190146570000260148470000190151070000220152970000260155170000190157777300420159621335672021-08-13       2020    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.02.0072DOI1 aOLIVEIRA, C. S.  aIn-straw warming protocol improves survival of vitrified embryos and allows direct transfer in cattle.h[electronic resource]  c2020  aVitrification is a superior method for cryopreservation of IVF embryos, but due to complicated warming protocols, it is not commonly used for commercial bovine embryos routine. To overcome the need of laboratory embryo preparation during warming, we developed an in-straw warming protocol compatible with most vitrification devices for embryo transfer without sucrose gradient steps and embryo evaluation. Surprisingly, one of the tested protocols improved embryo survival (95.0%* vs 83.1% expansion rate and 74.2%* vs 51.5% hatching rate) compared to conventional in-plate warming. Embryo quality was also increased, taken by the higher total cell numbers (160.7 ± 8.6* vs 99.0 ± 7.9) and lower apoptosis index (4.9 ±0.6* vs 11.5 ± 2.4) 48 h after warming. Pregnancy rates were similar between vitrified-warmed embryos and fresh embryos (40% vs 43%). Based on our results, we suggest in-straw warming should always be used for vitrified embryos due to beneficial effects. Direct transfer can be safely performed using this protocol.  aBovino  aCriopreservação  aEmbrião Animal  aPalha  aReprodução Animal  aSacarose  aCriotolerância  aFertilização in vitro  aVitrificação1 aFEUCHARD, V. L. da S.1 aFREITAS, C. de1 aROSA, P. M. da S.1 aCAMARGO, A. J. dos R.1 aSARAIVA, N. Z.  tCryobiologygv. 97, p. 222-225, 2020.