02814naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400520006010000190011224501160013126000090024752018660025665000130212265000370213565000350217265000190220765000260222665000350225265000400228770000170232770000190234470000270236370000190239070000250240970000210243477300690245521296412021-12-17       2021    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 ahttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-020-03684-z2DOI1 aRESENDE, R. T.  aEnviromics in breedingbapplications and perspectives on envirotypic-assisted selection.h[electronic resource]  c2021  aGenotype by environment interaction (GEI) studies in plant breeding have focused mainly on estimating genetic parameters over a limited number of experimental trials. However, recent geographic information system (GIS) techniques have opened new frontiers for better understanding and dealing with GEI. These advances allow increasing selection accuracy across all sites of interest, including those where experimental trials have not yet been deployed. Here, we introduce the term enviromics, within an envirotypic-assisted breeding framework. In summary, likewise genotypes at DNA markers, any particular site is characterized by a set of "envirotypes" at multiple "enviromic" markers corresponding to environmental variables that may interact with the genetic background, thus providing informative breeding re-rankings for optimized decisions over different environments. Based on simulated data, we illustrate an index-based enviromics method (the "GIS-GEI") which, due to its higher granular resolution than standard methods, allows for: (1) accurate matching of sites to their most appropriate genotypes; (2) better definition of breeding areas that have high genetic correlation to ensure selection gains across environments; and (3) efficient determination of the best sites to carry out experiments for further analyses. Environmental scenarios can also be optimized for productivity improvement and genetic resources management, especially in the current outlook of dynamic climate change. Envirotyping provides a new class of markers for genetic studies, which are fairly inexpensive, increasingly available and transferable across species. We envision a promising future for the integration of enviromics approaches into plant breeding when coupled with next-generation genotyping/phenotyping and powerful statistical modeling of genetic diversity.  aBreeding  aGenotype-environment interaction  aGeographic information systems  aPlant breeding  aInteração Genética  aMelhoramento Genético Vegetal  aSistema de Informação Geográfica1 aPIEPHO,H.-P.1 aROSA, G. J. M.1 aSILVA JUNIOR, O. B. da1 aSILVA, F. F. e1 aRESENDE, M. D. V. de1 aGRATTAPAGLIA, D.  tTheoretical and Applied Geneticsgv. 134, n. 1, 2021. p. 95-112.