02458naa a2200313 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400410006010000130010124501470011426000090026152015290027065000200179965000180181965300110183765300090184865300260185765300250188365300200190870000240192870000230195270000220197570000160199770000140201370000180202770000190204570000180206477300620208221100232023-11-09       2019    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.3772DOI1 aGIRO, A.  aBehavior and body surface temperature of beef cattle in integrated crop-livestock systems with or without tree shading.h[electronic resource]  c2019  aPasture-based livestock production is largely centered onmonoculture systems that degrade grasslands. In integrated crop-livestock-forestry systems a synergy is supposed to occur between its components, contributing to global food production. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of the microclimate on integrated croplivestock- forestry (CLF) and crop-livestock (CL) systems on the behavior and body surface temperatures of beef cattle in a tropical climate. The experiment was carried from December/2016 to June/2017. Adult beef cows were maintained in CL (n= 11) or CLF (n= 12) systems, permanently monitored by automatic weather stations. The microclimatic conditions indicated that CLF was more effective in mitigating the environmental heat load. Animals maintained in CLF showed favorable behavior, longer rumination (42.9 ± 2.2 vs 36.6 ± 2.2 min) and shorter resting time (57.6 ± 2.7 vs 65.9 ± 2.8 min) during the morning. The grazing time and other activities did not differ between treatments (P N 0.05) in the afternoon. Animals in CLF exhibited lower surface temperatures of the back (TBack: 31.9±0.2 vs 32.8±0.2 °C, P b 0.05) and of the trunk (TTrunk: 32.0±0.1 vs 32.5± 0.1 °C, P b 0.05)measured by infrared thermography. Animalsmaintained in CLF showed a significant preferential use of shade and a 23% reduction in the frequency of the animals searching for water troughs. It is evident from the study that integrated crop-livestock-forestry systems can be used to provide a more favorable  aFood production  aGado de Corte  aBovine  aILPF  aInfrared thermography  aSilvopastoral system  aThermal comfort1 aPEZZOPANE, J. R. M.1 aBARIONI JUNIOR, W.1 aPEDROSO, A. de F.1 aLEME, A. P.1 aBOTTA, D.1 aROMANELLO, N.1 aBARRETO, A. N.1 aGARCIA, A. R.  tScience of the Total Environmentgv.684, p.587-596, 2019.