01636naa a2200229 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000180006024500490007826000090012730000120013650000130014852009570016165000110111865000230112965000160115265300140116865300150118265300110119770000210120877301770122921048212019-03-13       2014    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aKOVALESKI, A.  aFruit surface damage.h[electronic resource]  c2014  a146-147  aAPROVALE  aThe Brazilian apple leafroller, Bonagota salubricola (Meyrick) , was first identified as Phtheochroa cranaodes Meyrick (Lepieloptera: 'Iortricidae), later as Bonagota cranaodes Meyrick, anel recently as Bonagota salubricola. It was also cited as Eulia salubricola Meyrick in Uruguay. In Brazil, it is considered one of apple's main pests. It achieved importance as a pest in the 1980s, when the darnage caused was greater than 15% in commercial orchards. The identification and synthesis of the pheromone, studies on its ecology, and correct use of insecticides all resulted in reduction of the damage to less than 2%. This insect 1S originally from southern Brazil. It is also found in Uruguay and Argentina but is of greatest importance in Brazil and Uruguay. This species is considered to be polyphagous, attacking a wide number of cultivated and wild plants, including apple, poplar, plum, hydrangea, turnip, pear, rases, sow thistle, anel clovers.  aApples  aLarval development  aLeafrollers  aFruit fly  aFruitworms  aLarval1 aKOVALESKI, A. P.  tIn: SUTTON, T. B.; ALDWINCKLE, H. S.; AGNELLO, A. M.; WALGENBACH, J. F. Compendium of apple and pear diseases and pests. St. Paul: American Phytopathological Society, 2014.