02559naa a2200361 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400270006010000110008724501660009826000090026452014930027365000100176665300190177665300280179565300270182365300280185065300180187870000230189670000170191970000180193670000130195470000180196770000130198570000260199870000200202470000160204470000140206070000150207470000300208970000190211977300590213820767922022-05-20       2017    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1111/nph.140512DOI1 aWU, J.  aConvergence in relationships between leaf traits, spectra and age across diverse canopy environments and two contrasting tropical forests.h[electronic resource]  c2017  aLeaf age structures the phenology and development of plants, as well as the evolution of leaf traits over life histories. However, a general method for efficiently estimating leaf age across forests and canopy environments is lacking. Here, we explored the potential for a statistical model, previously developed for Peruvian sunlit leaves, to consistently predict leaf ages from leaf reflectance spectra across two contrasting forests in Peru and Brazil and across diverse canopy environments. The model performed well for independent Brazilian sunlit and shade canopy leaves (R2 = 0.75?0.78), suggesting that canopy leaves (and their associated spectra) follow constrained developmental trajectories even in contrasting forests. The model did not perform as well for mid-canopy and understory leaves (R2 = 0.27?0.29), because leaves in different environments have distinct traits and trait developmental trajectories. When we accounted for distinct environment?trait linkages ? either by explicitly including traits and environments in the model, or, even better, by re-parameterizing the spectra-only model to implicitly capture distinct trait-trajectories in different environments ? we achieved a more general model that well-predicted leaf age across forests and environments (R2 = 0.79). Fundamental rules, linked to leaf environments, constrain the development of leaf traits and allow for general prediction of leaf age from spectra across species, sites and canopy environments.  aFolha  aEspectroscopia  aÍndices de vegetação  aMassa foliar por área  aPerfis de copa vertical  aTeor de água1 aCHAVANA-BRYANT, C.1 aPROHASKA, N.1 aSERBIN, S. P.1 aGUAN, K.1 aALBERT, L. P.1 aYANG, X.1 aLEEUWEN, W. J. D. van1 aGARNELLO, A. J.1 aMARTINS, G.1 aMALHI, Y.1 aGERARD, F.1 aOLIVEIRA JUNIOR, R. C. de1 aSALESKA, S. R.  tNew Phytologistgv. 214, n. 3, p. 1033-1048, May 2017.