02459naa a2200433 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400270006010000190008724500960010626000090020252012600021165000210147165000120149265000160150465000130152065000180153365000150155165000150156665000160158165000140159765000120161165000260162365000180164965300310166765300140169865300330171265300120174565300250175765300290178270000170181170000190182870000260184770000260187370000160189970000200191570000180193577300720195320598992019-11-07       2016    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1038/srep197312DOI1 aDOMÍNGUEZ, A.  aToxicity of AMPA to the earthworm Eisenia andrei Bouché, 1972 in tropical artificial soil.  c2016  aAminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) - one of glyphosate's main metabolites - has been classified as persistent in soils, raising concern regarding the widespread use of glyphosate in agriculture and forestry. Glyphosate may have negative or neutral effects on soil biota, but no information is available on the toxicity of AMPA to soil invertebrates. Therefore our aim was to study the effect of AMPA on mortality and reproduction of the earthworm species Eisenia andrei using standard soil ecotoxicologica I methods (ISO). Field-relevant concentrations of AMPA had no significant effects on mortality in acute or chronic assays. Except at the highest concentration tested, a significant biomass loss was observed compared to controls in the chronic assay. The number of juveniles and cocoons increased with higher concentrations of AMPA applied, but their mean weights decreased. This mass loss indicates higher sensitivity of juveniles than adults to AMPA. Our results suggest that earthworms coming from parents grown in contaminated soils may have reduced growth, limiting their beneficial roles in key soil ecosystem functions. Nevertheless, further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying the sublethal effects observed here.  aAminomethylation  aBiomass  aDegradation  aDynamics  aEcotoxicology  aHerbicides  aPesticides  aAminoácido  aHerbicida  aMinhoca  aRecuperação do solo  aSolo tropical  aAminomethylphosphonic Acid  aEarthworm  aEcotoxicological Assessement  aFoetida  aHerbicide Glyphosate  aSolo tropical artificial1 aBROWN, G. G.1 aSAUTTER, K. D.1 aOLIVEIRA, C. M. R. de1 aVASCONCELOS, E. C. de1 aNIVA, C. C.1 aBARTZ, M. L. C.1 aBEDANO, J. C.  tScientific Reports, Londongv. 6, Article 19731, 21 Jan. 2016. 8 p.