02528nam a2200265 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000140006024501180007426000770019230000370026952017160030665000170202265000190203965000190205865000130207765000230209065300300211365300230214365300210216665300270218765300150221470000180222970000150224720335712016-01-11       2015    bl uuuu     u0uu1 u    #d1 aMASSE, D.  aL'ingénierie écologique pour une agriculture durable dans les zones arides et semi-arides d'Afrique de l'Ouest.  aMontpellier: Comité Scientifique Français de la Désertificationc2015  cDossiers Thématique CSFD, n. 11  aAgainst the current backdrop of climatic and socioeconomic constraints, dryland farming systems must evolve in order to adapt and respond to a dual challenge—produce more to meet the substantial food needs of growing populations, while also producing better in viable and sustainable ways. Farming systems in these areas have to progress towards production methods that are more productive, natural resource-efficient and climate-proof. In this setting, ecological engineering offers new alternatives for the typical agrosilvopastoral systems that prevail in arid and semiarid regions of sub-Saharan Africa. This requires managing the complexity of the studied systems and replicating the functioning of reference natural ecosystems of the concerned agroecological region—e.g. savannas for West African drylands—and traditional practices, local know-how based on a long history of adaptation to environmental constraints. Different practical options are outlined in this Dossier based especially on West African experience. It is possible to focus on making effective use of the biodiversity of organisms,e.g. plants or soil microorganisms, promoting organic matter and nutrient recycling for associated plants, controlling water cycles, and finally adjusting the landscape organization to foster better crop pest control. However, an integrated vision of the functioning and evolution of agrosilvopastoral systems is required for developing such an approach. Social issues—land, urbanization and migration—and economic issues—basic commodity markets, poverty, etc. — are key factors to be taken into account for the sustainable development of populations in dryland regions of sub-Saharan Africa.  aBiodiversity  aOrganic matter  aBiodiversidade  aEcologia  aMatéria Orgânica  aAgrosilvopastoral systems  aAgrossilvapastoril  aDeserto africano  aEcological enginnering  aRecyncling1 aCHOTTE, J. L.1 aSCOPEL, E.