02575naa a2200265 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001910000180006024501360007826000090021452017620022365000180198565000190200365000260202265000230204865300200207170000250209170000190211670000190213570000200215470000220217470000210219670000250221777300670224220324412016-02-24       2015    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d1 aPÁDUA, S. B.  aA survey of epitheliocystis disease in farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) in Brazil.h[electronic resource]  c2015  aAbstract: Epitheliocystis is an infectious disease that mainly affects the gills and occasionally the skin of both freshwater and marine fishes (Nowak and LaPatra, 2006). This pathological condition could be caused by different and evolutionary distinct bacteria (Toenshoff et al., 2012; Stride et al., 2014), in which Chlamydia-like organisms (CLOs) have been the predominant agents associated with this disease (Nowak and LaPatra, 2006). However, recent studies describe a novel betaproteobacterial agent of gill epitheliocystis in marine fish (Toenshoff et al., 2012). Morphologically these organisms are coccobacillary, Gram-negative bacteria that inhabit intracytoplasmatic inclusions. In general they are oval, rounded or pleomorphic, with a granular feature of basophilic staining that causes hypertrophy of the target host cells (Szakolczai et al., 1999; Nowak and LaPatra, 2006; Draghi II et al., 2007; Toenshoff et al., 2012). Recent studies have shown that these agents can causewide morbidity in farmed fish, but that the lethality is variable (Mitchell et al., 2010). In addition, CLOs could be associated with subclinical disease that affects fish development, and consequently, when there are heavy infections compromises gill functions (Bradley et al., 1988; Crespo et al., 2001). In Brazil, CLOs were reported during an outbreak that affected pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus (Szakolczai et al., 1999) and tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Lima et al., 2001). Since then, no new reports in Brazilian farmed fish have occurred. The distribution of new cases of epitheliocystis in Nile tilapia farmed in different regions of Brazil is described in this study. The potential of ciliated protozoa as being vectors for this disease is also discussed.  afish diseases  adoença animal  aOreochromis niloticus  aTilápia nilótica  aEpitheliocystis1 aMENEZES-FILHO, R. N.1 aMARTINS, M. L.1 aBELO, M. A. A.1 aISHIKAWA, M. M.1 aNASCIMENTO, C. A.1 aSATURNINO, K. C.1 aCARRIJO-MAUAD, J. R.  tJournal of Applied Ichthyologygv. 31, n. 5, p. 927-930, 2015.