02499naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400250006010000240008524501670010926000090027652016050028565000190189065000160190965000200192570000210194570000180196670000200198470000190200470000170202370000210204070000180206170000190207970000230209870000210212177300670214220323612025-02-20       2015    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.5248/130.9832DOI1 aCARVALHO JUNIOR, G.  aBack to acid soil fieldsbthe citrate transporter SbMATE is a major asset for sustainable grain yield for sorghum cultivated on acid soils.h[electronic resource]  c2015  aAluminum (Al) toxicity damages plant roots and limits crop production on acid soils that comprise up to 50% of the world?s arable lands. A major Al tolerance locus on chromosome 3, AltSB, controls aluminum tolerance in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] via SbMATE, an Al-activated plasma membrane transporter that mediates Al exclusion from sensitive regions in the root apex. SbMATE, as is the case of other known Al tolerance genes, was cloned based on studies conducted under controlled environmental conditions, in nutrient solution. Therefore, its impact on grain yield on acid soils remains undetermined. To determine SbMATE?s real world impact, multi-trait QTL mapping in hydroponics and in the field revealed a large-effect QTL colocalized with the Al tolerance locus, AltSB where SbMATE lies, conferring a 0.6 ton ha-1 grain yield increase on acid soils. A second QTL for Al tolerance in hydroponics, where the positive allele was also donated by the Al tolerant parent, SC283, was found on chromosome 9, indicating the presence of distinct Al tolerance genes in the sorghum genome or genes acting in the SbMATE pathway leading to Al-activated citrate release. There was no yield penalty for AltSB, consistent with the highly localized Al regulated SbMATE expression in the root tip and Al-dependent transport activity. A female effect of 0.5 ton ha-1 independently demonstrated the effectiveness of AltSB in hybrids. Al tolerance conferred by AltSB is thus an indispensable asset for sorghum production and food security on acid soils, many of which are located in developing countries.  aAcidez do solo  aSolo ácido  aSorghum bicolor1 aSCHAFFERT, R. E.1 aMALOSETTI, M.1 aVIANA, J. H. M.1 aMENEZES, C. B.1 aSILVA, L. A.1 aGUIMARAES, C. T.1 aCOELHO, A. M.1 aKOCHIAN, L. V.1 aEEUWIJK, F. A. van1 aMAGALHAES, J. V.  tG3 Genes, Genomes, Genetics, Bethesdagv. 6, p. 475-484, 2015.