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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Cerrados. |
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Data corrente: |
02/05/2001 |
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Data da última atualização: |
02/05/2001 |
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Autoria: |
HUNGRIA, M.; VARGAS, M. A. T. |
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Título: |
Environmental factors affecting N2 fixation in grain legumes in the tropics, with an emphasis on Brazil. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2000 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Field Crops Research, Amsterdam, v.65, p.151-164, 2000. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Biological nitrogen (N2) fixation is key to sustainable agricultural systems in tropical soils, which are frequently deficient in N. However. high temperature, drought and soil acidity constrain legume root-nodule formation and function in the tropics. In most cases. the microsymbiont is the more affected partner, with plants growing on mineral N usually less sensitive to these stresses. High temperature and moisture deficiency are major causes of nodulation failure, affecting all stages of the symbiosis and limiting rhizobial growth and surviral in soil. They may also contribute to undesirable changes in rhizobia. including plasmid deletions, genomic rearrangements and reduced diversity. Acidity affects several steps in the development of the symbiosis, including the exchange of molecular signals between the legume and the microsymbiont. liming is effective in overcoming soil acidity and aluminium toxicity, but in Brazil few soils are limed to near neutral pH. Selection of rhizobial inoculant strains that are genetically stable under the often harsh soil conditions of this region is essential, but that task is impaired by a lack of knowledge of tolerance in the microsymbiont. However, good results have been obtained by selecting naturally occurring rhizobia from acid tropical soils affected by water stress and high temperatures. In Brazil, increases in grain yields of common bean and soybean have resulted from inoculation with such stress-tolerant strains . Appropriate soil management practices, e.g. no -till, are other approaches that may decrease soil temperatures and preserve moisture, thereby increasing N2 fixation. MenosBiological nitrogen (N2) fixation is key to sustainable agricultural systems in tropical soils, which are frequently deficient in N. However. high temperature, drought and soil acidity constrain legume root-nodule formation and function in the tropics. In most cases. the microsymbiont is the more affected partner, with plants growing on mineral N usually less sensitive to these stresses. High temperature and moisture deficiency are major causes of nodulation failure, affecting all stages of the symbiosis and limiting rhizobial growth and surviral in soil. They may also contribute to undesirable changes in rhizobia. including plasmid deletions, genomic rearrangements and reduced diversity. Acidity affects several steps in the development of the symbiosis, including the exchange of molecular signals between the legume and the microsymbiont. liming is effective in overcoming soil acidity and aluminium toxicity, but in Brazil few soils are limed to near neutral pH. Selection of rhizobial inoculant strains that are genetically stable under the often harsh soil conditions of this region is essential, but that task is impaired by a lack of knowledge of tolerance in the microsymbiont. However, good results have been obtained by selecting naturally occurring rhizobia from acid tropical soils affected by water stress and high temperatures. In Brazil, increases in grain yields of common bean and soybean have resulted from inoculation with such stress-tolerant strains . Appropriate soil... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Brasil. |
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Thesagro: |
Acidez do Solo; Cerrado; Condição Ambiental; Fixação de Nitrogênio; Rhizobium. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Bradyrhizobium; Brazil; environmental factors; nitrogen fixation; soil pH. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02394naa a2200265 a 4500
001 1546795
005 2001-05-02
008 2000 bl --- 0-- u #d
100 1 $aHUNGRIA, M.
245 $aEnvironmental factors affecting N2 fixation in grain legumes in the tropics, with an emphasis on Brazil.
260 $c2000
520 $aBiological nitrogen (N2) fixation is key to sustainable agricultural systems in tropical soils, which are frequently deficient in N. However. high temperature, drought and soil acidity constrain legume root-nodule formation and function in the tropics. In most cases. the microsymbiont is the more affected partner, with plants growing on mineral N usually less sensitive to these stresses. High temperature and moisture deficiency are major causes of nodulation failure, affecting all stages of the symbiosis and limiting rhizobial growth and surviral in soil. They may also contribute to undesirable changes in rhizobia. including plasmid deletions, genomic rearrangements and reduced diversity. Acidity affects several steps in the development of the symbiosis, including the exchange of molecular signals between the legume and the microsymbiont. liming is effective in overcoming soil acidity and aluminium toxicity, but in Brazil few soils are limed to near neutral pH. Selection of rhizobial inoculant strains that are genetically stable under the often harsh soil conditions of this region is essential, but that task is impaired by a lack of knowledge of tolerance in the microsymbiont. However, good results have been obtained by selecting naturally occurring rhizobia from acid tropical soils affected by water stress and high temperatures. In Brazil, increases in grain yields of common bean and soybean have resulted from inoculation with such stress-tolerant strains . Appropriate soil management practices, e.g. no -till, are other approaches that may decrease soil temperatures and preserve moisture, thereby increasing N2 fixation.
650 $aBradyrhizobium
650 $aBrazil
650 $aenvironmental factors
650 $anitrogen fixation
650 $asoil pH
650 $aAcidez do Solo
650 $aCerrado
650 $aCondição Ambiental
650 $aFixação de Nitrogênio
650 $aRhizobium
653 $aBrasil
700 1 $aVARGAS, M. A. T.
773 $tField Crops Research, Amsterdam$gv.65, p.151-164, 2000.
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