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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
03/10/2008 |
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Data da última atualização: |
03/10/2008 |
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Autoria: |
RAMAJO, M.; JESÚS, J. B.; GUITIÉRREZ, M.; TRIGO, D. |
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Título: |
Feeding behaviour of Hormogaster elisae in three types of soil of laboratory cultures. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2008 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Dpto. Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense. 28040 Madrid
(Spain)
In a plot in El Molar (Madrid, Spain) three areas (A, B and C) with slightly different physicalchemical
soil properties have been observed. Hernández et al. (2003) demonstrated that H.
elisae is present mainly in zone A, whereas Ramajo (inedit) observed that the growth of this
species in laboratory cultures is higher using zone C soil, reaching the highest growth using
zone B soil.
Ruiz et al. (2006) demonstrated that H. elisae in zone A seems to fragment the coarsest particles,
becoming therefore a part of fine textural fractions, which are selected, on the other hand, by
this species as these fractions are enriched with organic matter. The objective of the present
study is to elucidate if the same feeding pattern is mantained in the three types of soil.
Microcosms were prepared with each type of soil (A, B and C) sieved (4mm) and moistured
reaching 20% humidity. One earthworm was introduced in each experimental microcosm, which
was mantained during 7 days at 18ºC. Casts on the surface were separated daily and were
frozen until their use.
Physical-chemical fractionation of organic matter was studied with the obtained samples, being
carbon separated and analysed in each of the fractions: free organic matter, free fulvics acids,
humic acids, fulvic acids and humin. Mineral and organic fractions of the following particle sizes
were separated: 2000 - 250 µm, 250 - 50 µm and 50 - 20 µm, and mineral-organic fraction 20
- 2 µm and < 2 µm, being carbon of the organic fraction analysed.
The soil of zone A is poor in organic matter and presents a coarse texture, whereas B and C
soils are comparatively richer in organic matter and their texture is finer.
Chemical fractionation of organic matter shows that in B and C soils casts properties are
significantly different from control soil in all the fractions. However, those differences were not
observed in the soil of zone A.
Casts of H. elisae are enriched in fulvic acids in soil of zones B and C; in zone B, more humificated
fractions are less abundant in casts than in soil, obtaining oppossite results in zone C.
The results of the physical fractionation of casts and soil in the three zones show that this species
does not select the coarsest particles, but is capable of grinding some of them, or H. elisae is
capable of breaking the aggregates, converting them, as a result, into the immediate lowersized
fraction. This ability might be possible because of the existence of three gizzards in the
digestive system of H. elisae.
Contents in carbon and nitrogen of each of the fractions obtained in the physical fragmentation
of casts is lower in zone A than in soil, while in the other two zones casts result enriched in
carbon and nitrogen in fractions over 20 µm.
With the obtained results, it can be concluded that in its own soil, H. elisae hardly modifyes the
content in carbon and nitrogen in casts, but when this species is maintained in the other types of
soil, besides increasing its weight, the content in organic matter of casts results different from
the soil of the culture. In soil of zone B, casts present a higher content in carbon than soil in the
least humificated fractions, whereas in soil C this increase occurs in all fractions. These results
could point out that H. elisae when living in very poor soils, as it does in El Molar, takes advantage
of all the available resources. Nevertheless, when it is mantained in richer soils in laboratory
cultures, it ingests all the available food, but as this species does not manage to use it all, a part
of it returns to the soil with casts. MenosDpto. Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense. 28040 Madrid
(Spain)
In a plot in El Molar (Madrid, Spain) three areas (A, B and C) with slightly different physicalchemical
soil properties have been observed. Hernández et al. (2003) demonstrated that H.
elisae is present mainly in zone A, whereas Ramajo (inedit) observed that the growth of this
species in laboratory cultures is higher using zone C soil, reaching the highest growth using
zone B soil.
Ruiz et al. (2006) demonstrated that H. elisae in zone A seems to fragment the coarsest particles,
becoming therefore a part of fine textural fractions, which are selected, on the other hand, by
this species as these fractions are enriched with organic matter. The objective of the present
study is to elucidate if the same feeding pattern is mantained in the three types of soil.
Microcosms were prepared with each type of soil (A, B and C) sieved (4mm) and moistured
reaching 20% humidity. One earthworm was introduced in each experimental microcosm, which
was mantained during 7 days at 18ºC. Casts on the surface were separated daily and were
frozen until their use.
Physical-chemical fractionation of organic matter was studied with the obtained samples, being
carbon separated and analysed in each of the fractions: free organic matter, free fulvics acids,
humic acids, fulvic acids and humin. Mineral and organic fractions of the following particle sizes
were separated: 2000 - 250 µm, 250 - 50 µm and... Mostrar Tudo |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 04411naa a2200157 a 4500
001 1315021
005 2008-10-03
008 2008 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aRAMAJO, M.
245 $aFeeding behaviour of Hormogaster elisae in three types of soil of laboratory cultures.
260 $c2008
520 $aDpto. Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense. 28040 Madrid (Spain) In a plot in El Molar (Madrid, Spain) three areas (A, B and C) with slightly different physicalchemical soil properties have been observed. Hernández et al. (2003) demonstrated that H. elisae is present mainly in zone A, whereas Ramajo (inedit) observed that the growth of this species in laboratory cultures is higher using zone C soil, reaching the highest growth using zone B soil. Ruiz et al. (2006) demonstrated that H. elisae in zone A seems to fragment the coarsest particles, becoming therefore a part of fine textural fractions, which are selected, on the other hand, by this species as these fractions are enriched with organic matter. The objective of the present study is to elucidate if the same feeding pattern is mantained in the three types of soil. Microcosms were prepared with each type of soil (A, B and C) sieved (4mm) and moistured reaching 20% humidity. One earthworm was introduced in each experimental microcosm, which was mantained during 7 days at 18ºC. Casts on the surface were separated daily and were frozen until their use. Physical-chemical fractionation of organic matter was studied with the obtained samples, being carbon separated and analysed in each of the fractions: free organic matter, free fulvics acids, humic acids, fulvic acids and humin. Mineral and organic fractions of the following particle sizes were separated: 2000 - 250 µm, 250 - 50 µm and 50 - 20 µm, and mineral-organic fraction 20 - 2 µm and < 2 µm, being carbon of the organic fraction analysed. The soil of zone A is poor in organic matter and presents a coarse texture, whereas B and C soils are comparatively richer in organic matter and their texture is finer. Chemical fractionation of organic matter shows that in B and C soils casts properties are significantly different from control soil in all the fractions. However, those differences were not observed in the soil of zone A. Casts of H. elisae are enriched in fulvic acids in soil of zones B and C; in zone B, more humificated fractions are less abundant in casts than in soil, obtaining oppossite results in zone C. The results of the physical fractionation of casts and soil in the three zones show that this species does not select the coarsest particles, but is capable of grinding some of them, or H. elisae is capable of breaking the aggregates, converting them, as a result, into the immediate lowersized fraction. This ability might be possible because of the existence of three gizzards in the digestive system of H. elisae. Contents in carbon and nitrogen of each of the fractions obtained in the physical fragmentation of casts is lower in zone A than in soil, while in the other two zones casts result enriched in carbon and nitrogen in fractions over 20 µm. With the obtained results, it can be concluded that in its own soil, H. elisae hardly modifyes the content in carbon and nitrogen in casts, but when this species is maintained in the other types of soil, besides increasing its weight, the content in organic matter of casts results different from the soil of the culture. In soil of zone B, casts present a higher content in carbon than soil in the least humificated fractions, whereas in soil C this increase occurs in all fractions. These results could point out that H. elisae when living in very poor soils, as it does in El Molar, takes advantage of all the available resources. Nevertheless, when it is mantained in richer soils in laboratory cultures, it ingests all the available food, but as this species does not manage to use it all, a part of it returns to the soil with casts.
700 1 $aJESÚS, J. B.
700 1 $aGUITIÉRREZ, M.
700 1 $aTRIGO, D.
773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM.
Download
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Florestas (CNPF) |
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Registro Completo
|
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Gado de Corte. |
|
Data corrente: |
10/07/2009 |
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Data da última atualização: |
20/07/2023 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Autoria: |
MENDES-BONATO, A. B.; RISSO-PASCOTTO, C.; PAGLIARINI, M. S.; VALLE, C. B. do. |
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Afiliação: |
ANDREA BEATRIZ MENDES-BONATO, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MARINGÁ; CLAUDICÉIA RISSO-PASCOTTO, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MARINGÁ; MARIA SUELY PAGLIARINI, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MARINGÁ; CACILDA BORGES DO VALLE, CNPGC. |
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Título: |
Chromosome number and meiotic behaviour in Brachiaria jubata (Gramineae). |
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Ano de publicação: |
2006 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Journal of Genetics, Bangalore, v. 85, n. 1, p. 83-87, Apr. 2006. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Notas: |
Research note. |
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Conteúdo: |
The production of new genetic variability through hybridization has been undertaken in Brachiaria, an important forage grass genus of African origin widely used in pastures in the Brazilian tropics. Although the genus comprises about 100 species, only a few of them present favourable agronomic attributes and are explored. In the genus Brachiaria, the majority of species and accessions are polyploid and apomictic, which makes breeding through hybridization more complex. Sexuality has been found in diploids and eventually among tetraploids with normal meiosis. Brachiaria jubata presents good forage value and adaptation to riverbanks and lake margins, and is therefore relevant to pasture systems in the tropics. Furthermore, the most interesting form of resistance to spittlebugs?antibiosis?was identified in one accession of B. jubata. Thus its interest in the Brazilian breeding programme lies in the possibility of using hybridization to transfer high resistance to this insect to susceptible accessions. This paper reports chromosome numbers and meiotic behaviour in 21 accessions of this species as a tool in selecting promising ones for crossing. Only one accession was found to be diploid; the others were tetraploid. Microsporogenesis was normal in the diploid accession, while among the tetraploid ones, irregular chromosome segregation leading to unbalanced gamete formation was common but variable. Pollen fertility among tetraploid accessions was high. |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Brachiaria jubata; Braquiária. |
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Thesagro: |
Citogenética; Gramínea Forrageira; Meiose; Melhoramento Genético Vegetal; Pastagem; Poliploidia. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Chromosome number; Meiosis; Microsporogenesis. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02315naa a2200301 a 4500
001 1327023
005 2023-07-20
008 2006 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aMENDES-BONATO, A. B.
245 $aChromosome number and meiotic behaviour in Brachiaria jubata (Gramineae).
260 $c2006
500 $aResearch note.
520 $aThe production of new genetic variability through hybridization has been undertaken in Brachiaria, an important forage grass genus of African origin widely used in pastures in the Brazilian tropics. Although the genus comprises about 100 species, only a few of them present favourable agronomic attributes and are explored. In the genus Brachiaria, the majority of species and accessions are polyploid and apomictic, which makes breeding through hybridization more complex. Sexuality has been found in diploids and eventually among tetraploids with normal meiosis. Brachiaria jubata presents good forage value and adaptation to riverbanks and lake margins, and is therefore relevant to pasture systems in the tropics. Furthermore, the most interesting form of resistance to spittlebugs?antibiosis?was identified in one accession of B. jubata. Thus its interest in the Brazilian breeding programme lies in the possibility of using hybridization to transfer high resistance to this insect to susceptible accessions. This paper reports chromosome numbers and meiotic behaviour in 21 accessions of this species as a tool in selecting promising ones for crossing. Only one accession was found to be diploid; the others were tetraploid. Microsporogenesis was normal in the diploid accession, while among the tetraploid ones, irregular chromosome segregation leading to unbalanced gamete formation was common but variable. Pollen fertility among tetraploid accessions was high.
650 $aChromosome number
650 $aMeiosis
650 $aMicrosporogenesis
650 $aCitogenética
650 $aGramínea Forrageira
650 $aMeiose
650 $aMelhoramento Genético Vegetal
650 $aPastagem
650 $aPoliploidia
653 $aBrachiaria jubata
653 $aBraquiária
700 1 $aRISSO-PASCOTTO, C.
700 1 $aPAGLIARINI, M. S.
700 1 $aVALLE, C. B. do
773 $tJournal of Genetics, Bangalore$gv. 85, n. 1, p. 83-87, Apr. 2006.
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