Data/hora: 20/06/2024 09:46:05

Biblioteca(s): | Embrapa Soja.
Data corrente: | 23/11/2000
Data da última atualização: | 09/03/2006
Autoria: | SOSA-GOMEZ, D.R.
Título: | Microbial pesticides: dream or reality entomopathogenic fungi VS. agricultural pests.
Ano de publicação: | 2000
Fonte/Imprenta: | In: INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF ENTOMOLOGY, 21., 2000, Foz do Iguassu. Abstracts... Londrina: Embrapa Soja, 2000.
Volume: | v.1
Páginas: | p.503.
Idioma: | Inglês
Conteúdo: | Since 1888, when Krassilstchik based on the work of Metschnikoff produced Metarhizium anisopliae to control the sugar-beet weevil, there has been a dream to control pests with fungi. The microbial control foundation lays on the deep knowledge of the epizootiological aspects. Frequently, the epizootiological process has been simplified to the trilogy pathogen-host-environment. But in nature, an epizootic on a single host can be caused by an arrangement of different fungal genotypes infecting an array of different insect genotypes, feeding on a changing substrate in a changing environment. Far from a reality-based strategy, the traditional approach has been single strain application. Furthermore, the complexity of behavior and unstable nature of fungi have made them not easily produced on a massive level. Also due to the size of their genome, the complete knowledge (sequences and functions) of their genetic codes will take time to be accomplished. Therefore, many aspects should be understood before reaching the stage where fungi can be used as reliable control agents in a variety of agricultural systems. Mycopathogen epizootics occur in several agricultural and forest systems, but man has not been successful in reliably inducing epizootics. Nowadays there is incomplete knowledge about which are the biochemical and/or genetic determinants of the complex and multigenic fungal virulence. The interactions with different hosts make each case, a unique study. Although production methods have been improved in the last years, the relationship cost/benefit still is very high. Frequently, there is the need of several applications or the use of a high dosage approach to get adequate control. These facts limit mycoinsecticide use expensive commodities. Among the different aspects that need more research efforts, application technology appears to be the most neglected area. Not much progress has been made in this area to improve control. Soil inhabiting pests possibly demand more work than aerial or exposed pests, since the soil is a complex enviroment where homeostatic forces tend to diminish fungal impact. Additionally, in the soil several, organisms act in antagonistic ways, and a more elaborated inoculum delivering technology is required. Presently, Beauveria and Metarhizium species have been used in emerging and declining microbial control programs. However, the use of other entomopathogenic fungi might go a long way toward fulfilling the desired dream.
Palavras-Chave: | Brasil; Entomogenous fungi; Fungo entomopatogenico; Inseto praga; Microbial control; Pest insects.
Thesagro: | Controle Biológico.
Thesaurus Nal: | Beauveria; biological control; Brazil; Metarhizium.
Categoria do assunto: | --
Registro original: | Embrapa Soja (CNPSO)
Exemplares: | CNPSO - (18141-1) - UMT - PL - -- - RF 339 -  -  - DIS