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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental. |
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Data corrente: |
04/01/2021 |
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Data da última atualização: |
17/09/2021 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Autoria: |
SILVA, L. C. R.; CORRÊA, R. S.; WRIGHT, J. L.; BOMFIM, B.; HENDRICKS, L.; GAVIN, D. G.; MUNIZ, A. W.; MARTINS, G. C.; MOTTA, A. C. V.; BARBOSA, J. Z.; MELO, V. de F.; YOUNG, S. D.; BROADLEY, M. R.; SANTOS, R. V. |
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Afiliação: |
Lucas C. R. Silva, University of Oregon; Rodrigo Studart Corrêa; Jamie L. Wright; Barbara Bomfim; Lauren Hendricks; Daniel G. Gavin; ALEKSANDER WESTPHAL MUNIZ, CPAA; GILVAN COIMBRA MARTINS, CPAA; Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta; Julierme Zimmer Barbosa; Vander de Freitas Melo; Scott D. Young; Martin R. Broadley; Roberto Ventura Santos. |
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Título: |
A new hypothesis for the origin of Amazonian Dark Earths. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2021 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Nature Communications, v. 12, Art. 127, 2021. |
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DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20184-2 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs) are unusually fertile soils characterised by elevated concentrations of microscopic charcoal particles, which confer their distinctive colouration. Frequent occurrences of pre-Columbian artefacts at ADE sites led to their ubiquitous classification as Anthrosols (soils of anthropic origin). However, it remains unclear how indigenous peoples created areas of high fertility in one of the most nutrient-impoverished environments on Earth. Here, we report new data from a well-studied ADE site in the Brazilian Amazon, which compel us to reconsider its anthropic origin. The amounts of phosphorus and calcium - two of the least abundant macronutrients in the region - are orders of magnitude higher in ADE profiles than in the surrounding soil. The elevated levels of phosphorus and calcium, which are often interpreted as evidence of human activity at other sites, correlate spatially with trace elements that indicate exogenous mineral sources rather than in situ deposition. Stable isotope actios of neodymium, strontium, and radiocarbon activity of microcharcoal particles also indicate exogenous inputs from alluvial deposition of carbon and mineral elements to ADE profiles, beginning several thousands of years before the earliest evidence of soil management for plant cultivation in the region. Our data suggest that indigenous peoples harnessed natural processes of landscape formation, which led to the unique properties of ADEs, but were not responsible for their genesis. If corroborated elsewhere, this hypothesis would transform our understanding of human influence in Amazonia, opening new frontiers for the sustainable use of tropical landscapes going forward. MenosAmazonian Dark Earths (ADEs) are unusually fertile soils characterised by elevated concentrations of microscopic charcoal particles, which confer their distinctive colouration. Frequent occurrences of pre-Columbian artefacts at ADE sites led to their ubiquitous classification as Anthrosols (soils of anthropic origin). However, it remains unclear how indigenous peoples created areas of high fertility in one of the most nutrient-impoverished environments on Earth. Here, we report new data from a well-studied ADE site in the Brazilian Amazon, which compel us to reconsider its anthropic origin. The amounts of phosphorus and calcium - two of the least abundant macronutrients in the region - are orders of magnitude higher in ADE profiles than in the surrounding soil. The elevated levels of phosphorus and calcium, which are often interpreted as evidence of human activity at other sites, correlate spatially with trace elements that indicate exogenous mineral sources rather than in situ deposition. Stable isotope actios of neodymium, strontium, and radiocarbon activity of microcharcoal particles also indicate exogenous inputs from alluvial deposition of carbon and mineral elements to ADE profiles, beginning several thousands of years before the earliest evidence of soil management for plant cultivation in the region. Our data suggest that indigenous peoples harnessed natural processes of landscape formation, which led to the unique properties of ADEs, but were not responsible for the... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Amazonian Dark Earths; Terra Preta de Índio. |
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Thesagro: |
Solo. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/219845/1/s41467-020-20184-2.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 02607naa a2200325 a 4500
001 2128936
005 2021-09-17
008 2021 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $ahttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20184-2$2DOI
100 1 $aSILVA, L. C. R.
245 $aA new hypothesis for the origin of Amazonian Dark Earths.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2021
520 $aAmazonian Dark Earths (ADEs) are unusually fertile soils characterised by elevated concentrations of microscopic charcoal particles, which confer their distinctive colouration. Frequent occurrences of pre-Columbian artefacts at ADE sites led to their ubiquitous classification as Anthrosols (soils of anthropic origin). However, it remains unclear how indigenous peoples created areas of high fertility in one of the most nutrient-impoverished environments on Earth. Here, we report new data from a well-studied ADE site in the Brazilian Amazon, which compel us to reconsider its anthropic origin. The amounts of phosphorus and calcium - two of the least abundant macronutrients in the region - are orders of magnitude higher in ADE profiles than in the surrounding soil. The elevated levels of phosphorus and calcium, which are often interpreted as evidence of human activity at other sites, correlate spatially with trace elements that indicate exogenous mineral sources rather than in situ deposition. Stable isotope actios of neodymium, strontium, and radiocarbon activity of microcharcoal particles also indicate exogenous inputs from alluvial deposition of carbon and mineral elements to ADE profiles, beginning several thousands of years before the earliest evidence of soil management for plant cultivation in the region. Our data suggest that indigenous peoples harnessed natural processes of landscape formation, which led to the unique properties of ADEs, but were not responsible for their genesis. If corroborated elsewhere, this hypothesis would transform our understanding of human influence in Amazonia, opening new frontiers for the sustainable use of tropical landscapes going forward.
650 $aSolo
653 $aAmazonian Dark Earths
653 $aTerra Preta de Índio
700 1 $aCORRÊA, R. S.
700 1 $aWRIGHT, J. L.
700 1 $aBOMFIM, B.
700 1 $aHENDRICKS, L.
700 1 $aGAVIN, D. G.
700 1 $aMUNIZ, A. W.
700 1 $aMARTINS, G. C.
700 1 $aMOTTA, A. C. V.
700 1 $aBARBOSA, J. Z.
700 1 $aMELO, V. de F.
700 1 $aYOUNG, S. D.
700 1 $aBROADLEY, M. R.
700 1 $aSANTOS, R. V.
773 $tNature Communications$gv. 12, Art. 127, 2021.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental (CPAA) |
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Biblioteca |
ID |
Origem |
Tipo/Formato |
Classificação |
Cutter |
Registro |
Volume |
Status |
URL |
Voltar
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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Trigo; Embrapa Unidades Centrais. |
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Data corrente: |
01/09/1994 |
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Data da última atualização: |
20/03/2013 |
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Autoria: |
SANTOS, H. P. dos; MUNDSTOCK, C. M. |
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Afiliação: |
HENRIQUE PEREIRA DOS SANTOS, CNPT. |
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Título: |
Efeitos da competição intra-específica no desenvolvimento das inflorescências de milho. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1983 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, DF, v. 18, n. 11, p. 1181-1185, nov. 1983. |
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Idioma: |
Português |
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Conteúdo: |
RESUMO - O experimento foi conduzido durante 1978/79, na Estação Experimental Agronômica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFGRS), em Guaíba, RS, para estudar a influência da competição entre plantas sobre o desenvolvimento do pendão e das espigas de um híbrido de milho (Zea mays L.). O aumento da competição (10, 20, 40, 80 e 160.000 plantas/ha) antecipou a diferenciação do pendão (exceto na maior população de plantas), mas a diferenciação e desenvolvimento das espigas foram atrasados. O peso seco das três espigas superiores foi reduzido pela competição desde a diferenciação até o final do ciclo. ABSTRACT - An experiment was conducted during 1978/79 at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS) Agronomy Experimental Station, in Guaíba, RS, Brazil, study the maize (Zea mays L.) ear and tassel development as affected by interplant competition. Increase in competition (10, 20, 40, 80 and 160.000 plants/ha) antecipated tassel differentiation, (except at the highest population), but ear differentiation and development were delayed. The top three ears' dry weight was reduced by competition from the time of ear differentiation up to final harvest. |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Diferenciação do pendão e da espiga; Differentiation of tassel and ear. |
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Thesagro: |
Espiga; Hibrido; Inflorescência; Milho; Pendão; Zea Mays. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Corn; Ears; Hybrids; Inflorescences. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/224025/1/Efeitos-competicao-intra-especifica-1983.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 01997naa a2200277 a 4500
001 1824124
005 2013-03-20
008 1983 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aSANTOS, H. P. dos
245 $aEfeitos da competição intra-específica no desenvolvimento das inflorescências de milho.
260 $c1983
520 $aRESUMO - O experimento foi conduzido durante 1978/79, na Estação Experimental Agronômica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFGRS), em Guaíba, RS, para estudar a influência da competição entre plantas sobre o desenvolvimento do pendão e das espigas de um híbrido de milho (Zea mays L.). O aumento da competição (10, 20, 40, 80 e 160.000 plantas/ha) antecipou a diferenciação do pendão (exceto na maior população de plantas), mas a diferenciação e desenvolvimento das espigas foram atrasados. O peso seco das três espigas superiores foi reduzido pela competição desde a diferenciação até o final do ciclo. ABSTRACT - An experiment was conducted during 1978/79 at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS) Agronomy Experimental Station, in Guaíba, RS, Brazil, study the maize (Zea mays L.) ear and tassel development as affected by interplant competition. Increase in competition (10, 20, 40, 80 and 160.000 plants/ha) antecipated tassel differentiation, (except at the highest population), but ear differentiation and development were delayed. The top three ears' dry weight was reduced by competition from the time of ear differentiation up to final harvest.
650 $aCorn
650 $aEars
650 $aHybrids
650 $aInflorescences
650 $aEspiga
650 $aHibrido
650 $aInflorescência
650 $aMilho
650 $aPendão
650 $aZea Mays
653 $aDiferenciação do pendão e da espiga
653 $aDifferentiation of tassel and ear
700 1 $aMUNDSTOCK, C. M.
773 $tPesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, DF$gv. 18, n. 11, p. 1181-1185, nov. 1983.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Trigo (CNPT) |
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Origem |
Tipo/Formato |
Classificação |
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Registro |
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