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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros. |
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Data corrente: |
28/09/1998 |
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Data da última atualização: |
15/12/2010 |
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Autoria: |
BOLTON JUNIOR, H.; ELLIOTT, L. F.; PAPENDICK, R. I.; BEZDICEK, D. F. |
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Título: |
Soil microbial biomass and selected soil enzyme activities:effect of fertilization and cropping practices. |
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Ano de publicação: |
1985 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Soil Biology Biochemistry, Oxford, v. 17, n. 3, p. 297-302, 1985. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Selected microbiological properties of soils receiving fertilizer management regimes were studied from adjoining wheat farms in the higly productive palouse region of eastern Washington. Since 1909, the only N input to the soil of farm Management System 1 has been through leguminous green manure crops consisting most recently of Austrian wintwer peas(Pisum sativum spp. arvense L., Poir), plus native soil fertility for N and all other plant nutrients. The soil farm management System 2 received regular applications of anhydrous ammonia, P and SD at recommended rates the for last 30 yr. There were no differences in numbers of soil microorganisms as determined by plate counts; however, soil from management system 1 das significantly higher levels of urease, phosphatase and dehydrogenase, at all three samplings and significantly higher soil microbial biomass at the first two samplings. The data ondicate that management system 1 soil had a larger and more active soil microflora. |
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Thesagro: |
Biomassa; Microbiologia; Solo. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
biomass; microbiology; soil. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 01633naa a2200229 a 4500
001 1370048
005 2010-12-15
008 1985 bl --- 0-- u #d
100 1 $aBOLTON JUNIOR, H.
245 $aSoil microbial biomass and selected soil enzyme activities$beffect of fertilization and cropping practices.
260 $c1985
520 $aSelected microbiological properties of soils receiving fertilizer management regimes were studied from adjoining wheat farms in the higly productive palouse region of eastern Washington. Since 1909, the only N input to the soil of farm Management System 1 has been through leguminous green manure crops consisting most recently of Austrian wintwer peas(Pisum sativum spp. arvense L., Poir), plus native soil fertility for N and all other plant nutrients. The soil farm management System 2 received regular applications of anhydrous ammonia, P and SD at recommended rates the for last 30 yr. There were no differences in numbers of soil microorganisms as determined by plate counts; however, soil from management system 1 das significantly higher levels of urease, phosphatase and dehydrogenase, at all three samplings and significantly higher soil microbial biomass at the first two samplings. The data ondicate that management system 1 soil had a larger and more active soil microflora.
650 $abiomass
650 $amicrobiology
650 $asoil
650 $aBiomassa
650 $aMicrobiologia
650 $aSolo
700 1 $aELLIOTT, L. F.
700 1 $aPAPENDICK, R. I.
700 1 $aBEZDICEK, D. F.
773 $tSoil Biology Biochemistry, Oxford$gv. 17, n. 3, p. 297-302, 1985.
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Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros (CPATC) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cpatu.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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Data corrente: |
08/03/2010 |
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Data da última atualização: |
16/11/2022 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 1 |
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Autoria: |
GRANT, R. F.; HUTYRA, L. R.; OLIVEIRA, R. C.; MUNGER, J. W.; SALESKA, S. R.; WOFSY, S. C. |
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Afiliação: |
UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA; HARVARD UNIVERSITY; RAIMUNDO COSME DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, CPATU; HARVARD UNIVERSITY; UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA; HARVARD UNIVERSITY. |
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Título: |
Modeling the carbon balance of Amazonian rain forests: resolving ecological controls on net ecosystem productivity. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2009 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Ecological Monographs, v. 79, n. 3, p. 445-463, Aug. 2009. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
There is still much uncertainty about ecological controls on the rate and direction of net CO2 exchange by tropical rain forests, in spite of their importance to global C cycling. These controls are thought to arise from hydrologic and nutrient constraints to CO2 fixation caused by seasonality of precipitation and adverse chemical properties of some major tropical soil types. Using the ecosystem model ecosys, we show that water uptake to a depth of 8 m avoids constraints to CO2 and energy exchange from soil drying during five-month dry seasons typical for eastern Amazonian forests. This avoidance in the model was tested with eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CO2 and energy fluxes during 2003 and 2004 over an old-growth forest on an acidic, nutrient-poor oxisol in the Tapajós National Forest (TNF) in Pará, Brazil. Modeled CO2 fixation was strongly constrained by slow phosphorus (P) uptake caused by low soil pH. Daytime CO2 influxes in the model were in close agreement with EC measurements (R2 > 0.8) during both wet and dry seasons. Both modeled and measured fluxes indicated that seasonality of precipitation affected CO2 and energy exchange more through its effect on radiation and air temperature than on soil water content. When aggregated to a yearly scale, modeled and gap-filled EC CO2 fluxes indicated that old-growth forest stands in the TNF remained within 100 g C·m?2·yr?1 of C neutrality in the absence of major disturbance. Annual C transformations in ecosys were further corroborated by extensive biometric measurements taken in the TNF and elsewhere in the Amazon basin, which also indicated that old-growth forests were either small C sources or small C sinks. Long-term model runs suggested that rain forests could be substantial C sinks for several decades while regenerating after stand-replacing disturbances, but would gradually decline toward C neutrality thereafter. The time course of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in the model depended upon annual rates of herbivory and tree mortality, which were based on site observations as affected by weather (e.g., El Niño Southern Oscillation [ENSO] events). This dependence suggests that rain forest NEP is strongly controlled by disturbance as well as by weather. MenosThere is still much uncertainty about ecological controls on the rate and direction of net CO2 exchange by tropical rain forests, in spite of their importance to global C cycling. These controls are thought to arise from hydrologic and nutrient constraints to CO2 fixation caused by seasonality of precipitation and adverse chemical properties of some major tropical soil types. Using the ecosystem model ecosys, we show that water uptake to a depth of 8 m avoids constraints to CO2 and energy exchange from soil drying during five-month dry seasons typical for eastern Amazonian forests. This avoidance in the model was tested with eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CO2 and energy fluxes during 2003 and 2004 over an old-growth forest on an acidic, nutrient-poor oxisol in the Tapajós National Forest (TNF) in Pará, Brazil. Modeled CO2 fixation was strongly constrained by slow phosphorus (P) uptake caused by low soil pH. Daytime CO2 influxes in the model were in close agreement with EC measurements (R2 > 0.8) during both wet and dry seasons. Both modeled and measured fluxes indicated that seasonality of precipitation affected CO2 and energy exchange more through its effect on radiation and air temperature than on soil water content. When aggregated to a yearly scale, modeled and gap-filled EC CO2 fluxes indicated that old-growth forest stands in the TNF remained within 100 g C·m?2·yr?1 of C neutrality in the absence of major disturbance. Annual C transformations in ecosys were furth... Mostrar Tudo |
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Thesagro: |
Carbono; Ecossistema. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
Amazonia. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02906naa a2200217 a 4500
001 1660192
005 2022-11-16
008 2009 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aGRANT, R. F.
245 $aModeling the carbon balance of Amazonian rain forests$bresolving ecological controls on net ecosystem productivity.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2009
520 $aThere is still much uncertainty about ecological controls on the rate and direction of net CO2 exchange by tropical rain forests, in spite of their importance to global C cycling. These controls are thought to arise from hydrologic and nutrient constraints to CO2 fixation caused by seasonality of precipitation and adverse chemical properties of some major tropical soil types. Using the ecosystem model ecosys, we show that water uptake to a depth of 8 m avoids constraints to CO2 and energy exchange from soil drying during five-month dry seasons typical for eastern Amazonian forests. This avoidance in the model was tested with eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CO2 and energy fluxes during 2003 and 2004 over an old-growth forest on an acidic, nutrient-poor oxisol in the Tapajós National Forest (TNF) in Pará, Brazil. Modeled CO2 fixation was strongly constrained by slow phosphorus (P) uptake caused by low soil pH. Daytime CO2 influxes in the model were in close agreement with EC measurements (R2 > 0.8) during both wet and dry seasons. Both modeled and measured fluxes indicated that seasonality of precipitation affected CO2 and energy exchange more through its effect on radiation and air temperature than on soil water content. When aggregated to a yearly scale, modeled and gap-filled EC CO2 fluxes indicated that old-growth forest stands in the TNF remained within 100 g C·m?2·yr?1 of C neutrality in the absence of major disturbance. Annual C transformations in ecosys were further corroborated by extensive biometric measurements taken in the TNF and elsewhere in the Amazon basin, which also indicated that old-growth forests were either small C sources or small C sinks. Long-term model runs suggested that rain forests could be substantial C sinks for several decades while regenerating after stand-replacing disturbances, but would gradually decline toward C neutrality thereafter. The time course of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in the model depended upon annual rates of herbivory and tree mortality, which were based on site observations as affected by weather (e.g., El Niño Southern Oscillation [ENSO] events). This dependence suggests that rain forest NEP is strongly controlled by disturbance as well as by weather.
650 $aAmazonia
650 $aCarbono
650 $aEcossistema
700 1 $aHUTYRA, L. R.
700 1 $aOLIVEIRA, R. C.
700 1 $aMUNGER, J. W.
700 1 $aSALESKA, S. R.
700 1 $aWOFSY, S. C.
773 $tEcological Monographs$gv. 79, n. 3, p. 445-463, Aug. 2009.
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