Data/hora: 23/09/2024 04:35:28

Biblioteca(s): 	Embrapa Meio Ambiente.	
Data corrente: 	21/02/2017	
Data da última atualização: 	06/03/2017	
Autoria: 	MATSUURA, M. I. da S. F.; PICOLI, J. F.; CHAGAS, M. F.; CAVALETT, O.; NOVAES, R. M. L.; PAZIANOTTO, R. A. A.; MAY, A.	
Afiliação: 	MARILIA IEDA DA S F MATSUURA, CNPMA; JULIANA FERREIRA PICOLI, FEM-UNICAMP; MATEUS FERREIRA CHAGAS, CTBE; OTAVIO CAVALETT, CTBE; RICARDO ANTONIO ALMEIDA PAZIANOTTO, CNPMA; ANDRE MAY, CNPMA.	
Título: 	Environmental profile of Brazilian sugarcane.	
Ano de publicação: 	2016	
Fonte/Imprenta: 	In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF FOOD. Putting LCA into practise: book of abstracts... Dublin: UCD Institute of Food and Health, 2016. Ref. P70.	
Páginas: 	3 p.	
Idioma: 	Inglês	
Conteúdo: 	Abstract: The sugarcane ethanol is a very important fuel used for vehicles in Brazil. About 32 million vehicles of the country´s fleet has a flexible-fuel technology, and are supplied by sugarcane ethanol, petrol or a mixture of both. Sugarcane is also used for the production of sugar and the industrial waste from both processes is used on electricity generation, representing 15.7% of the national energy matrix. In the 2013/2014 season, 8.81 million ha were cultivated, producing 659 million tons of sugarcane. Therefore, it is possible to figure out the potential environmental impact of the Brazilian sugarcane cultivation. This study characterized the sugarcane cropping systems of nine producing regions in the country considering specific technical parameters of the agricultural process and specific input parameters of the estimative models of emission. A major effort was undertaken to determine the land use changes related to sugarcane cultivation and their emissions. An environmental profile was generated as a result of the Brazilian sugarcane modal cropping system, identifying its hot spots. The agricultural production phase is the main contributor to eight of the impact categories analyzed. The most significant categories were Freshwater Eutrophication and Human Toxicity, the first being caused by phosphorus emission into surface water due to erosion, and the second caused by heavy metals emitted into soil, substances arising from fertilizers. Particulate Matter Formation was mainly caused by the burning of straw, practiced when the harvest of sugarcane is manual. This practice also contributed to Terrestrial Acidification, due to NOx emissions, which along with NH3 emissions, derived from the application of nitrogen fertilizer, accounting for 94.2% of this impact. For Freshwater toxicity, substances that cause impact were copper (35.8%), present in fertilizers, and fipronil (25.3%), a pesticide. The energy balance of the sugarcane life cycle - ratio of renewableenergy produced and fossil energy consumed - was highly favorable, 26.4, precisely because of the biomass production by this crop. Cumulative emissions of greenhouse gases were equivalent to 54.13 kg CO2 eq per ton of sugarcane. The main emissions were NO2 (32.2%) and CO2, the latter derived from the land use change (34.2%) and from the application of fertilizers (27.2%). The improvement in the environmental performance of this crop should focus on to avoid clearing of new areas for agricultural use, avoid planting in high slope areas (where the harvest can not be mechanized) and adopt the rational use of fertilizers.	
Thesagro: 	Cana de açúcar; Condição ambiental; Impacto ambiental.	
Thesaurus Nal: 	Environmental impact; Life cycle assessment; Sugarcane.	
Categoria do assunto: 	P Recursos Naturais, Ciências Ambientais e da Terra	
Registro original: 	Embrapa Meio Ambiente (CNPMA)	
Exemplares: 	CNPMA - (15309-1) - UPC - SP - DD -  -  -  - DIS