Data/hora: 23/06/2024 18:06:16

Biblioteca(s): | Embrapa Soja.
Data corrente: | 12/12/2000
Data da última atualização: | 27/11/2007
Autoria: | MOSCARDI, F.; CORREA-FERREIRA, B.S.; SOSA-GOMEZ, D.R.
Título: | Role of natural enemies in developing IPM strategies.
Ano de publicação: | 2000
Fonte/Imprenta: | In: INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF ENTOMOLOGY, 21., 2000, Foz do Iguassu. Abstracts... Londrina: Embrapa Soja, 2000.
Volume: | v.2
Páginas: | p.649.
Idioma: | Inglês
Conteúdo: | The role of natural enemies in IPM programs is unquestionable, but the sucess of their employment will with the characteristics of each biological agent group (predator, parasitoid and entomopathogen) and even the characteristics of subgroups and species within these groups, in relation to the pest crop enviroment involved. The strategies adopted for use of natural enemies in a soybean IPM program in Brazil will be used as a case study in this presentation. This program was implemented in the mid 1970's, and was based primarily on action thresholds for key soybean pests (the velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis, as a defoliator, and a complex of pod and seed sucking stink buy species (mainly Nezara viridula, Piezodorus guildinii, and Euschistus heros), and application of selected insecticides when action thresholds were reached. These initial actions brought down the number of insecticide applications on the crop, in specific regions in Brazil, from an average of ca. 6 to ca. 2 applications per season, in a period of four years. In the late 1970's, a program was initiated at Embrapa (Brazilian Organization for Agricultural Research) for the use of a Nucleopolyhedrovirus of A. gemmatalis (AgNPV) to control the insect at grower level. In the early 1990's five private companies started production and commercislization of this bioinsecticide, with quality control being made at Embrapa. Use of the AgNPV started in 1983 in ca.2,000 ha, and increased drastically in subsequent years, reaching 1,000,000 ha/year of soybean in 1990. Nowdays, is has been used annually in ca. 1,400,000 ha (ca. 10% of the soybean cultivated area in Brazil). In the major soybean producing state (Parana) the AgNPV is the major insecticide used against A. gemmatalis, corresponding to ca.27% of the insecticide applications against this pest. The success of AgNPV use is due to its virulence, ability of horizontal transmission and recycling and to persist in the environment of the host, as well as the high tolerance of soybean to defoliation, among other factors. In 1991, a biological control program was developed aginst stink bugs, through the laboratory rearing of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis and release in soybean fields. This program was implemented in 1994 by use in continuos areas of micro river basins with the participation of governamental, industrial and academic partners. Nowdays, this system is being implemented in five counties of Parana State, involving 343 producers, resulting in drastic reduction of chemical insecticides use and change to less toxic insecticides.
Palavras-Chave: | Brasil; Inset praga; Manejo integrado; Microbial control agents.
Thesagro: | Epidemiologia; Inimigo Natural.
Thesaurus Nal: | Brazil; epidemiology; Insecta; integrated pest management; natural enemies.
Categoria do assunto: | --
Registro original: | Embrapa Soja (CNPSO)
Exemplares: | CNPSO - (18145-1) - UMT - PL - -- - RF 339 -  -  - DIS