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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste. |
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Data corrente: |
18/12/2014 |
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Data da última atualização: |
18/12/2014 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Autoria: |
SORDI, A.; DIECKOW, J.; BAYER, C.; ALBUQUERQUE, M. A.; PIVA, J. T.; ZANATTA, J. A.; TOMAZI, M.; ROSA, C. M. da; MORAES, A. de. |
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Afiliação: |
ANDRÉ SORDI, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo, UFPR; Jeferson Dieckow, UFPR; Cimélio Bayer, UFRGS; MÁRCIO AMARAL ALBUQUERQUE, Programa de pós-graduação em Ciência do Solo, UFPR; JONATAS THIAGO PIVA, UFSC; JOSILEIA ACORDI ZANATTA, CNPF; MICHELY TOMAZI, CPAO; CARLA MACHADO DA ROSA, UFRGS; Anibal de Moraes, UFPR. |
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Título: |
Nitrous oxide emission factors for urine and dung patchesin a subtropical Brazilian pastureland. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2014 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 190, p. 94-103, 2014. |
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DOI: |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.004 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
tCattle urine and dung (faeces) patches are nitrous oxide (N2O) sources in pasturelands with impactsin the global N2O budget, but specific information about those emissions are still missing for Braziliansubtropical and tropical regions. We conducted a sequence of 3 field-trials (summer, winter and spring,90 days each) to evaluate the N2O emission and emission factor (EF) after the deposition of 3 volumes ofcattle urine or 3 weights of dung (½, 1 and 1½ time the mean urination volume or defecation weight ofFriesian cows) on a free-drained Cambisol of a subtropical pastureland of Brazil. The N2O emission peaks(3198 g N2O-N m−2h−1after urine in summer was the highest) occurred on average 17 ± 9 days afterapplication (DAA), both for urine and dung, and dropped to the background levels 41 ± 10 DAA of urineand 49 ± 10 DAA of dung. The highest contents of NH4+-N in soil (200?250 mg N kg−1) occurred one dayafter urine application and 10?14 days later for dung (100?200 mg N kg−1). Nitrate peaks occurred from23 to 26 DAA in urine patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1) and 19?50 DAA in dung patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1).The N2O emission peaks for urine coincided with soil NH4+-N peak in winter but with soil NO3−-N peakin spring. For dung, the emission peak seemed to be more associated with soil NO3−-N than to NH4+-N,either in winter or spring (inorganic-N was not assessed in summer). It was not possible to concludewhether nitrification or denitrification was the dominant process in N2O production, but it seemed thatboth played relevant roles. The EF for urine, averaged across the seasons, diminished with increments inurine volume, from 0.33% in ½ volume to 0.19% in 1½ volume, possibly because urine percolated deeperinto the soil and proportionally less N remained available for N2O production in the top layer. The EFfor dung was 0.19%, 0.12% and 0.14% for ½, 1 and 1½ weight, respectively, showing no clear trend withincrement in dung weight. The lowest EFs for urine and dung occurred in winter, possibly because oflowest temperatures and soil water-filled pore space. The average EF for dung (0.15%) was lower thanthat of urine (0.26%), because urea-N of urine is more readily available for the hydrolysis than organicN forms of dung. This result suggests that these two excreta should be addressed separately in nationalgreenhouse gases inventories or communications. Our results suggest that the default 2% EF proposed inIPCC Guidelines for cattle excreta are overestimated for subtropical Brazil. MenostCattle urine and dung (faeces) patches are nitrous oxide (N2O) sources in pasturelands with impactsin the global N2O budget, but specific information about those emissions are still missing for Braziliansubtropical and tropical regions. We conducted a sequence of 3 field-trials (summer, winter and spring,90 days each) to evaluate the N2O emission and emission factor (EF) after the deposition of 3 volumes ofcattle urine or 3 weights of dung (½, 1 and 1½ time the mean urination volume or defecation weight ofFriesian cows) on a free-drained Cambisol of a subtropical pastureland of Brazil. The N2O emission peaks(3198 g N2O-N m−2h−1after urine in summer was the highest) occurred on average 17 ± 9 days afterapplication (DAA), both for urine and dung, and dropped to the background levels 41 ± 10 DAA of urineand 49 ± 10 DAA of dung. The highest contents of NH4+-N in soil (200?250 mg N kg−1) occurred one dayafter urine application and 10?14 days later for dung (100?200 mg N kg−1). Nitrate peaks occurred from23 to 26 DAA in urine patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1) and 19?50 DAA in dung patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1).The N2O emission peaks for urine coincided with soil NH4+-N peak in winter but with soil NO3−-N peakin spring. For dung, the emission peak seemed to be more associated with soil NO3−-N than to NH4+-N,either in winter or spring (inorganic-N was not assessed in summer). It was not possible to concludewhether nitrification or d... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Fator de emissão; Óxido nitroso; Volume de urina. |
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Thesagro: |
Gado; Nitrato; Pastagem. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03449naa a2200301 a 4500
001 2003235
005 2014-12-18
008 2014 bl --- 0-- u #d
024 7 $ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.004$2DOI
100 1 $aSORDI, A.
245 $aNitrous oxide emission factors for urine and dung patchesin a subtropical Brazilian pastureland.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2014
520 $atCattle urine and dung (faeces) patches are nitrous oxide (N2O) sources in pasturelands with impactsin the global N2O budget, but specific information about those emissions are still missing for Braziliansubtropical and tropical regions. We conducted a sequence of 3 field-trials (summer, winter and spring,90 days each) to evaluate the N2O emission and emission factor (EF) after the deposition of 3 volumes ofcattle urine or 3 weights of dung (½, 1 and 1½ time the mean urination volume or defecation weight ofFriesian cows) on a free-drained Cambisol of a subtropical pastureland of Brazil. The N2O emission peaks(3198 g N2O-N m−2h−1after urine in summer was the highest) occurred on average 17 ± 9 days afterapplication (DAA), both for urine and dung, and dropped to the background levels 41 ± 10 DAA of urineand 49 ± 10 DAA of dung. The highest contents of NH4+-N in soil (200?250 mg N kg−1) occurred one dayafter urine application and 10?14 days later for dung (100?200 mg N kg−1). Nitrate peaks occurred from23 to 26 DAA in urine patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1) and 19?50 DAA in dung patches (∼40?50 mg N kg−1).The N2O emission peaks for urine coincided with soil NH4+-N peak in winter but with soil NO3−-N peakin spring. For dung, the emission peak seemed to be more associated with soil NO3−-N than to NH4+-N,either in winter or spring (inorganic-N was not assessed in summer). It was not possible to concludewhether nitrification or denitrification was the dominant process in N2O production, but it seemed thatboth played relevant roles. The EF for urine, averaged across the seasons, diminished with increments inurine volume, from 0.33% in ½ volume to 0.19% in 1½ volume, possibly because urine percolated deeperinto the soil and proportionally less N remained available for N2O production in the top layer. The EFfor dung was 0.19%, 0.12% and 0.14% for ½, 1 and 1½ weight, respectively, showing no clear trend withincrement in dung weight. The lowest EFs for urine and dung occurred in winter, possibly because oflowest temperatures and soil water-filled pore space. The average EF for dung (0.15%) was lower thanthat of urine (0.26%), because urea-N of urine is more readily available for the hydrolysis than organicN forms of dung. This result suggests that these two excreta should be addressed separately in nationalgreenhouse gases inventories or communications. Our results suggest that the default 2% EF proposed inIPCC Guidelines for cattle excreta are overestimated for subtropical Brazil.
650 $aGado
650 $aNitrato
650 $aPastagem
653 $aFator de emissão
653 $aÓxido nitroso
653 $aVolume de urina
700 1 $aDIECKOW, J.
700 1 $aBAYER, C.
700 1 $aALBUQUERQUE, M. A.
700 1 $aPIVA, J. T.
700 1 $aZANATTA, J. A.
700 1 $aTOMAZI, M.
700 1 $aROSA, C. M. da
700 1 $aMORAES, A. de
773 $tAgriculture, Ecosystems and Environment$gv. 190, p. 94-103, 2014.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste (CPAO) |
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Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Café. |
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Data corrente: |
28/10/2016 |
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Data da última atualização: |
28/10/2016 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
B - 1 |
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Autoria: |
SILVEIRA, A. de S.; PINHEIRO, A. C. T.; FERREIRA, W. P. M.; SILVA, L. J. da; RUFINO, J. L. dos S.; SAKIYAMA, N. S. |
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Afiliação: |
ALICE DE SOUZA SILVEIRA, UFV; ARACY CAMILLA TARDIN PINHEIRO, UFV; WILLIAMS PINTO MARQUES FERREIRA, SAPC; LAÉRCIO JUNIO DA SILVA, UFV; JOSÉ LUIS DOS SANTOS RUFINO, Centro de Excelência do Café Matas de Minas; NEY SUSSUMU SAKIYAMA, UFV. |
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Título: |
Sensory analysis of specialty coffee from different environmental conditions in the region of Matas de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2016 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Revista Ceres, Viçosa, v.63, n.4, p. 436-443. jul/ago. 2016. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Specialty coffees can be differentiated in various ways, including the environmental conditions in which they are produced and the sensory composition of the drink. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of altitude, slope exposure and fruit color on the sensory attributes of cafes of the region of Matas de Minas. Sampling points were georeferenced in four altitude ranges (< 700 m; 700 < x> 825 m, 825 < x < 950 m and > 950 m) of the coffee crop; two fruit colors of var. Catuaí (yellowand red); and two slope exposures (North-facing and South-facing). Coffee fruit at the cherry stage were processed andsubmitted to sensory analysis. The sensory attributes evaluated were overall perception, clean cup, balance, aftertaste, sweetness, acidity , body and flavor, which made up the final score. The scores were examined by ANOVA and means werecompared by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). From the sensory standpoint, coffee fruits of both colors are similar, as well as the cof fees from both slope exposures when these factors were analyzed separately . However , at higher altitudes, Y ellow Catuaí produces coffees with better sensory quality . Similarly , coffees from North-facing slopes, at higher altitudes produce better quality cup. The altitude is the main factor that interferes with coffee quality in the area. All factors together contribute tothe final quality of the beverage produced in the region of Matas de Minas. |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Cor do fruto; Face de exposição; Fruit color; Qualidade de bebida; Quality cup; Slope exposure. |
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Thesagro: |
Altitude; Coffea Arábica. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/149398/1/Sensory-analysis-of-specialty.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 02305naa a2200277 a 4500
001 2055553
005 2016-10-28
008 2016 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aSILVEIRA, A. de S.
245 $aSensory analysis of specialty coffee from different environmental conditions in the region of Matas de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2016
520 $aSpecialty coffees can be differentiated in various ways, including the environmental conditions in which they are produced and the sensory composition of the drink. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of altitude, slope exposure and fruit color on the sensory attributes of cafes of the region of Matas de Minas. Sampling points were georeferenced in four altitude ranges (< 700 m; 700 < x> 825 m, 825 < x < 950 m and > 950 m) of the coffee crop; two fruit colors of var. Catuaí (yellowand red); and two slope exposures (North-facing and South-facing). Coffee fruit at the cherry stage were processed andsubmitted to sensory analysis. The sensory attributes evaluated were overall perception, clean cup, balance, aftertaste, sweetness, acidity , body and flavor, which made up the final score. The scores were examined by ANOVA and means werecompared by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). From the sensory standpoint, coffee fruits of both colors are similar, as well as the cof fees from both slope exposures when these factors were analyzed separately . However , at higher altitudes, Y ellow Catuaí produces coffees with better sensory quality . Similarly , coffees from North-facing slopes, at higher altitudes produce better quality cup. The altitude is the main factor that interferes with coffee quality in the area. All factors together contribute tothe final quality of the beverage produced in the region of Matas de Minas.
650 $aAltitude
650 $aCoffea Arábica
653 $aCor do fruto
653 $aFace de exposição
653 $aFruit color
653 $aQualidade de bebida
653 $aQuality cup
653 $aSlope exposure
700 1 $aPINHEIRO, A. C. T.
700 1 $aFERREIRA, W. P. M.
700 1 $aSILVA, L. J. da
700 1 $aRUFINO, J. L. dos S.
700 1 $aSAKIYAMA, N. S.
773 $tRevista Ceres, Viçosa$gv.63, n.4, p. 436-443. jul/ago. 2016.
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