Data/hora: 25/06/2024 12:13:52

Biblioteca(s): | Embrapa Amazônia Oriental.
Tipo da produção científica: | Artigo em Periódico Indexado
Circulação/Nível: | Internacional - A
Data corrente: | 18/12/2009
Data da última atualização: | 08/06/2022
Autoria: | DENICH, M.; VLEK, P. L. G.; SA, T. D. de A.; VIELHAUER, K.; LÜCKE, W.
Afiliação: | MANFRED DENICH, University of Bonn; PAUL L. G. VLEK, University of Bonn; TATIANA DEANE DE ABREU SA, CPATU; KONRAD VIELHAUER, University of Bonn; WOLFGANG LÜCKE, University of Göttingen.
Título: | A concept for the development of fire-free fallow management in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil.
Ano de publicação: | 2005
Fonte/Imprenta: | Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 110, n. 1-2, p. 43-58, Oct. 2005.
DOI: | doi:10.1016/j.agee.2005.05.005
Idioma: | Inglês
Conteúdo: | Research-based improvements in small-farmer land-use systems are difficult to bring about. Often such improvements developed under research station conditions fail to address the true system problems or farmer concerns. In the search for ways to improve the traditional fallow system of the Eastern Amazon, field experiments were conducted in farmers? fields, but under researcher management with farmers helping to identify the critical needs for improvement. To achieve the objective a phased plan was followed: (1) exploratory research, (2) solution-oriented research with technology development and prototype evaluation, and (3) implementation-oriented research. The initial exploratory or diagnostic studies focused on (1) biomass accumulation, (2) nutrient dynamics and (3) fallowregeneration. Itwas found that (1) the live and dead above-ground biomass of 1-10-year-old fallow vegetation amounts to 10?98 Mg ha1, (2) in the nutrient balance of a crop/fallow cycle including slash burning and fertilization nutrient losses exceed inputs forN,K,Ca andMg, but not for P, and (3) vegetative resprouting of trees/shrubs exceeds in importance their regeneration by seeds and mechanized land preparation halves the accumulation of woody biomass of a 2-year-old fallow vegetation, compared to no tillage. Instead of designing an entirely new land-use system, modifications were studied only to those practices andcomponents recognized to be harmful to the sustainability of the traditional systemitself. Also, additional components to further improve the systemwere tested. Thus, various technologies were developed as a set of modules. These include: (1) mulch technology, (2) fire-free land clearing with a newly developed tractor-driven bush chopper to transform fallow vegetation into mulch, (3) enrichment planting with Acacia auriculiformis to accumulate twice as much biomass within 2 years as not managed fallows, (4) modification of the cropping period by doubling it, by shifting the planting date, and by re-arranging the crop sequence, and (5) the test ofmodern low-input crop varieties: rice and cassava cultivarswere identified for themulch-based systemwhich yield higher than locally widespread ones. Adoption of these modules is flexible, leaving the farmer in control of the innovation process. This last phase of implementation-oriented research, currently underway, is participatory and multidisciplinary in nature and seeks to develop and assess implementation strategies aimed at the diffusion of the farming system improvements.
Palavras-Chave: | Enrichment planting.
Categoria do assunto: | --
Registro original: | Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (CPATU)
Exemplares: | CPATU - (41990-1) - UPC - AP - DD -  -  -  - DIS