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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Florestas. |
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Data corrente: |
25/09/2008 |
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Data da última atualização: |
25/09/2008 |
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Autoria: |
DECAENS, T.; ROUGERIE, R.; RICHARD, B.; JAMES, S.; HEBERT, P. |
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Título: |
A taxonomic survey of Upper-Normandy earthorms with DNA barecodes. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2008 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Earthworms are represented in most terrestrial ecosystems, where they perform key ecological
functions. Their relatively large body-size facilitates their sampling and their study when compared
with smaller groups of the soil fauna. Despite these characteristics, taxonomic knowledge of
these organisms is still weak, even for the family Lumbricidae which is the exclusive representative
of the group in Western Europe. Identification difficulties are particularly dramatic for juveniles
for which the classical diagnostic characters (structure and position of the clitellum) are absent.
The main objective of this study was to survey the taxonomy of earthworm species in Upper
Normandy by building a database of DNA barcodes (partial sequences of the mitochondrial
gene COI). In April 2007 and 2008, we made an exhaustive collection of individuals (about 20
per species) of the species pool of the Upper Normandy region (ca. 20 species). Special attention
was paid to inclusion of intraspecific phenotypic variability, by sampling specimens varying in
size and coloration, two characters usually neglected in earthworm taxonomy though they have
been shown to be potential indicators of cryptic diversity. Small fragments of cutaneous tissues
were sampled from each specimen before its fixation in formaldehyde and storage in alcohol.
Sequencing of the COI gene was performed at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, and
results were analysed through the BOLD bioinformatics platform (Ratnasingham & Hebert 2007).
The results allow exploration of some more specific aspects of earthworm taxonomy, such as
the diversity of local species that are known as invasive in other regions; examining some
taxonomic problems raised by polymorphic species suspected to be complex of cryptic species;
verifying the status of potential cryptic species revealed by DNA barcoding. Preliminary results
indicate that three of the most common species in the target area (Lumbricus terrestris,
Allolobophora chlorotica and Aporrectodea caliginosa) all represent complexes of cryptic
species. MenosEarthworms are represented in most terrestrial ecosystems, where they perform key ecological
functions. Their relatively large body-size facilitates their sampling and their study when compared
with smaller groups of the soil fauna. Despite these characteristics, taxonomic knowledge of
these organisms is still weak, even for the family Lumbricidae which is the exclusive representative
of the group in Western Europe. Identification difficulties are particularly dramatic for juveniles
for which the classical diagnostic characters (structure and position of the clitellum) are absent.
The main objective of this study was to survey the taxonomy of earthworm species in Upper
Normandy by building a database of DNA barcodes (partial sequences of the mitochondrial
gene COI). In April 2007 and 2008, we made an exhaustive collection of individuals (about 20
per species) of the species pool of the Upper Normandy region (ca. 20 species). Special attention
was paid to inclusion of intraspecific phenotypic variability, by sampling specimens varying in
size and coloration, two characters usually neglected in earthworm taxonomy though they have
been shown to be potential indicators of cryptic diversity. Small fragments of cutaneous tissues
were sampled from each specimen before its fixation in formaldehyde and storage in alcohol.
Sequencing of the COI gene was performed at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, and
results were analysed through the BOLD bioinformatics platform (Ratnasingham ... Mostrar Tudo |
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Categoria do assunto: |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02787naa a2200169 a 4500
001 1314944
005 2008-09-25
008 2008 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aDECAENS, T.
245 $aA taxonomic survey of Upper-Normandy earthorms with DNA barecodes.
260 $c2008
520 $aEarthworms are represented in most terrestrial ecosystems, where they perform key ecological functions. Their relatively large body-size facilitates their sampling and their study when compared with smaller groups of the soil fauna. Despite these characteristics, taxonomic knowledge of these organisms is still weak, even for the family Lumbricidae which is the exclusive representative of the group in Western Europe. Identification difficulties are particularly dramatic for juveniles for which the classical diagnostic characters (structure and position of the clitellum) are absent. The main objective of this study was to survey the taxonomy of earthworm species in Upper Normandy by building a database of DNA barcodes (partial sequences of the mitochondrial gene COI). In April 2007 and 2008, we made an exhaustive collection of individuals (about 20 per species) of the species pool of the Upper Normandy region (ca. 20 species). Special attention was paid to inclusion of intraspecific phenotypic variability, by sampling specimens varying in size and coloration, two characters usually neglected in earthworm taxonomy though they have been shown to be potential indicators of cryptic diversity. Small fragments of cutaneous tissues were sampled from each specimen before its fixation in formaldehyde and storage in alcohol. Sequencing of the COI gene was performed at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, and results were analysed through the BOLD bioinformatics platform (Ratnasingham & Hebert 2007). The results allow exploration of some more specific aspects of earthworm taxonomy, such as the diversity of local species that are known as invasive in other regions; examining some taxonomic problems raised by polymorphic species suspected to be complex of cryptic species; verifying the status of potential cryptic species revealed by DNA barcoding. Preliminary results indicate that three of the most common species in the target area (Lumbricus terrestris, Allolobophora chlorotica and Aporrectodea caliginosa) all represent complexes of cryptic species.
700 1 $aROUGERIE, R.
700 1 $aRICHARD, B.
700 1 $aJAMES, S.
700 1 $aHEBERT, P.
773 $tIn: INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SOIL ZOOLOGY, 15; INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON APTERYGOTA, 12., 2008, Curitiba. Biodiversity, conservation and sustainabele management of soil animal: abstracts. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas. Editors: George Gardner Brown; Klaus Dieter Sautter; Renato Marques; Amarildo Pasini. 1 CD-ROM.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Florestas (CNPF) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Pecuária Sul. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cppsul.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Pecuária Sul. |
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Data corrente: |
08/11/2019 |
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Data da última atualização: |
08/11/2019 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 1 |
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Autoria: |
SOUZA FILHO, W. de; NUNES, P. A. de A.; BARRO, R. S.; KUNRATH, T. R.; ALMEIDA, G. M. de; GENRO, T. C. M.; BAYER, C.; CARVALHO, P. C. de F. |
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Afiliação: |
William de Souza Filho, UFRGS; Pedro Arthur de Albuquerque Nunes, UFRGS; Raquel Santiago Barro, UFRGS; Taíse Robinson Kunrath, UFRGS; Gleice Menezes de Almeida, UFRGS; TERESA CRISTINA MORAES GENRO, CPPSUL; Cimelio Bayer, UFRGS; Paulo Cesar de Faccio Carvalho, UFRGS. |
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Título: |
Mitigation of enteric methane emissions through pasture management in integrated crop-livestock systems: trade-offs between animal performance and environmental impacts. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2019 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 213, p. 968-975, Mar. 2019. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
We evaluated the effect of different grazing intensities by steers on animal performance, herbage intake and CH4 emissions in the stocking period of a soybean-beef cattle integrated system in southern Brazil. Treatments consisted of different grazing intensities, defined by target sward heights (10, 20, 30 and 40 cm) of mixed black-oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pastures under continuous stocking. Grazing management affected herbage utilization and, consequently, animal performance and CH4 emission. At the individual level, CH4 emission and animal performance had optimal values when pasture height was managed within a range of 23e30 cm. At the farm level, we found a positive linear effect of grazing intensity on animal live weight gain per hectare and the associated environmental costs of land use. Liveweight gain increased by 90 g ha1 day1 and CH4 emissions increased by 500 g CO2eq ha1 day1 for each cm of target sward height reduction. Given that most producers graze pastures to very short heights, large-scale adoption of target heights within 23e30 cm in southern Brazil has the potential to achieve 13e14% of the mitigation target for GHG emissions from the whole agricultural sector and 22e25% of the target for enteric fermentation from the livestock sector pledged by the Brazilian Government in the Paris Agreement. We conclude that adequate grazing management is the key strategy to improve animal production and reduce the environmental impact from livestock in ICLS. MenosWe evaluated the effect of different grazing intensities by steers on animal performance, herbage intake and CH4 emissions in the stocking period of a soybean-beef cattle integrated system in southern Brazil. Treatments consisted of different grazing intensities, defined by target sward heights (10, 20, 30 and 40 cm) of mixed black-oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pastures under continuous stocking. Grazing management affected herbage utilization and, consequently, animal performance and CH4 emission. At the individual level, CH4 emission and animal performance had optimal values when pasture height was managed within a range of 23e30 cm. At the farm level, we found a positive linear effect of grazing intensity on animal live weight gain per hectare and the associated environmental costs of land use. Liveweight gain increased by 90 g ha1 day1 and CH4 emissions increased by 500 g CO2eq ha1 day1 for each cm of target sward height reduction. Given that most producers graze pastures to very short heights, large-scale adoption of target heights within 23e30 cm in southern Brazil has the potential to achieve 13e14% of the mitigation target for GHG emissions from the whole agricultural sector and 22e25% of the target for enteric fermentation from the livestock sector pledged by the Brazilian Government in the Paris Agreement. We conclude that adequate grazing management is the key strategy to improve animal production and reduce the enviro... Mostrar Tudo |
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Thesagro: |
Bovino; Metano. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02290naa a2200229 a 4500
001 2114105
005 2019-11-08
008 2019 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
100 1 $aSOUZA FILHO, W. de
245 $aMitigation of enteric methane emissions through pasture management in integrated crop-livestock systems$btrade-offs between animal performance and environmental impacts.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2019
520 $aWe evaluated the effect of different grazing intensities by steers on animal performance, herbage intake and CH4 emissions in the stocking period of a soybean-beef cattle integrated system in southern Brazil. Treatments consisted of different grazing intensities, defined by target sward heights (10, 20, 30 and 40 cm) of mixed black-oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pastures under continuous stocking. Grazing management affected herbage utilization and, consequently, animal performance and CH4 emission. At the individual level, CH4 emission and animal performance had optimal values when pasture height was managed within a range of 23e30 cm. At the farm level, we found a positive linear effect of grazing intensity on animal live weight gain per hectare and the associated environmental costs of land use. Liveweight gain increased by 90 g ha1 day1 and CH4 emissions increased by 500 g CO2eq ha1 day1 for each cm of target sward height reduction. Given that most producers graze pastures to very short heights, large-scale adoption of target heights within 23e30 cm in southern Brazil has the potential to achieve 13e14% of the mitigation target for GHG emissions from the whole agricultural sector and 22e25% of the target for enteric fermentation from the livestock sector pledged by the Brazilian Government in the Paris Agreement. We conclude that adequate grazing management is the key strategy to improve animal production and reduce the environmental impact from livestock in ICLS.
650 $aBovino
650 $aMetano
700 1 $aNUNES, P. A. de A.
700 1 $aBARRO, R. S.
700 1 $aKUNRATH, T. R.
700 1 $aALMEIDA, G. M. de
700 1 $aGENRO, T. C. M.
700 1 $aBAYER, C.
700 1 $aCARVALHO, P. C. de F.
773 $tJournal of Cleaner Production$gv. 213, p. 968-975, Mar. 2019.
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Embrapa Pecuária Sul (CPPSUL) |
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