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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos. |
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Data corrente: |
11/05/2023 |
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Data da última atualização: |
25/05/2023 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Autoria/Organização/Edição de Livros |
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Autoria: |
ASCHERI, J. L. R. |
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Afiliação: |
JOSE LUIS RAMIREZ ASCHERI, CTAA. |
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Título: |
Thermoplastic food extrusion, questions, and answers: a simplified approach. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2023 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Ponta Grossa, PR: Atena, 2023. |
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DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.390221612 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Thermoplastic extrusion is a technological process for pre-cooking or cooking various raw materials derived from cereals, grains such as legumes, pulses, starches from different sources, agro-industrial by-products, etc. The raw material is previously prepared according to the need for particle size, packaged with the amount of water sufficient to cause the expected degree of cooking, by passing through a screw with a defined configuration inserted in a cannon or barrel with sufficient temperature in its heating zones, in order to modify its characteristics caused by the heat and shear produced inside the barrel in order to gain new organoleptic characteristics, such as texture, taste, odor and nutritional and functional properties. Many commercially available foods are prepared by this process: snacks, breakfast cereals, pre-cooked or instant flour, and cookies, among other foods for human consumption. On the other hand, in livestock, a wide variety of rations are used for different species as well as their stages of growth according to nutritional needs, in the same way for pets (pet food), food of different types according to the requirements in each case. Another sector with high production values is aquaculture, with the delivery of feed for different species and levels of growth, which together involve large revenues for these sectors. In this sense, entrepreneurs from different areas emerge with the desire to use this technology with the available resources, in order to add value and consequent income improvement. Due to the existence of a wide variety of extruders, from the simplest to the most complex, with single or double screws and different accessories, the entrepreneur will need to evaluate which is the most appropriate, both from an economic and technological point of view. A decision that needs to be studied in order to guarantee investment and success with the productivity of the production line. For the reasons described, this little book of questions and answers has been created for those who want to preliminarily know the circumstances of the thermoplastic extrusion process. MenosThermoplastic extrusion is a technological process for pre-cooking or cooking various raw materials derived from cereals, grains such as legumes, pulses, starches from different sources, agro-industrial by-products, etc. The raw material is previously prepared according to the need for particle size, packaged with the amount of water sufficient to cause the expected degree of cooking, by passing through a screw with a defined configuration inserted in a cannon or barrel with sufficient temperature in its heating zones, in order to modify its characteristics caused by the heat and shear produced inside the barrel in order to gain new organoleptic characteristics, such as texture, taste, odor and nutritional and functional properties. Many commercially available foods are prepared by this process: snacks, breakfast cereals, pre-cooked or instant flour, and cookies, among other foods for human consumption. On the other hand, in livestock, a wide variety of rations are used for different species as well as their stages of growth according to nutritional needs, in the same way for pets (pet food), food of different types according to the requirements in each case. Another sector with high production values is aquaculture, with the delivery of feed for different species and levels of growth, which together involve large revenues for these sectors. In this sense, entrepreneurs from different areas emerge with the desire to use this technology with the available resources, in order ... Mostrar Tudo |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
Food technology. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02560nam a2200133 a 4500
001 2153700
005 2023-05-25
008 2023 bl uuuu 00u1 u #d
024 7 $ahttps://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.390221612$2DOI
100 1 $aASCHERI, J. L. R.
245 $aThermoplastic food extrusion, questions, and answers$ba simplified approach.$h[electronic resource]
260 $aPonta Grossa, PR: Atena$c2023
520 $aThermoplastic extrusion is a technological process for pre-cooking or cooking various raw materials derived from cereals, grains such as legumes, pulses, starches from different sources, agro-industrial by-products, etc. The raw material is previously prepared according to the need for particle size, packaged with the amount of water sufficient to cause the expected degree of cooking, by passing through a screw with a defined configuration inserted in a cannon or barrel with sufficient temperature in its heating zones, in order to modify its characteristics caused by the heat and shear produced inside the barrel in order to gain new organoleptic characteristics, such as texture, taste, odor and nutritional and functional properties. Many commercially available foods are prepared by this process: snacks, breakfast cereals, pre-cooked or instant flour, and cookies, among other foods for human consumption. On the other hand, in livestock, a wide variety of rations are used for different species as well as their stages of growth according to nutritional needs, in the same way for pets (pet food), food of different types according to the requirements in each case. Another sector with high production values is aquaculture, with the delivery of feed for different species and levels of growth, which together involve large revenues for these sectors. In this sense, entrepreneurs from different areas emerge with the desire to use this technology with the available resources, in order to add value and consequent income improvement. Due to the existence of a wide variety of extruders, from the simplest to the most complex, with single or double screws and different accessories, the entrepreneur will need to evaluate which is the most appropriate, both from an economic and technological point of view. A decision that needs to be studied in order to guarantee investment and success with the productivity of the production line. For the reasons described, this little book of questions and answers has been created for those who want to preliminarily know the circumstances of the thermoplastic extrusion process.
650 $aFood technology
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos (CTAA) |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Gado de Leite; Embrapa Unidades Centrais. |
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Data corrente: |
29/09/2011 |
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Data da última atualização: |
16/08/2022 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Circulação/Nível: |
A - 2 |
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Autoria: |
LEÃO, F. F.; DAVIDE, L. C.; CAMPOS, J. M. S. de; PEREIRA, A. V.; BUSTAMANTE, F. de O. |
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Afiliação: |
FERNANDO FERREIRA LEÃO, Universidade Federal de Tocantins; LISETE CHAMMA DAVIDE, UFLA; JOSÉ MARCELLO SALABERT DE CAMPOS, UFJF; ANTONIO VANDER PEREIRA, CNPGL; FERNANDA DE OLIVEIRA BUSTAMANTE, UFLA. |
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Título: |
Genomic behavior of hybrid combinations between elephant grass and pearl millet. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2011 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 46, n. 7, p. 712-719, 2011. |
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DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2011000700006 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
ABSTRACT - The objective of this work was to evaluate the genomic behavior of hybrid combinations between elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and pearl millet (P. glaucum). Tetraploid (AAA'B) and pentaploid (AA'A'BB) chromosome races resulting from the backcross of the hexaploid hybrid to its parents elephant grass (A'A'BB) and pearl millet (AA) were analyzed as to chromosome number and DNA content. Genotypes of elephant grass, millet, and triploid and hexaploid induced hybrids were compared. Pentaploid and tetraploid genomic combinations showed high level of mixoploidy, in discordance with the expected somatic chromosome set. The pentaploid chromosome number ranged from 20 to 34, and the tetraploid chromosome number from 16 to 28. Chromosome number variation was higher in pentaploid genomic combinations than in tetraploid, and mixoploidy was observed among hexaploids. Genomic combinations 4x and 5x are mixoploid, and the variation of chromosome number within chromosomal race 5x is greater than in 4x. RESUMO - O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento genômico de combinações híbridas resultantes do cruzamento entre capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) e milheto (P. glaucum). Raças cromossômicas tetraploides (AAA'B) e pentaploides (AA'A'BB), resultantes do retrocruzamento do híbrido hexaploide com seus parentais capim-elefante (A'A'BB) e milheto (AA), foram avaliadas quanto ao número cromossômico e ao conteúdo de DNA. Foram comparados os genótipos de capim-elefante, milheto e de híbridos triploides e hexaploides induzidos. As combinações genômicas pentaploides e tetraploides mostraram elevado grau de mixoploidia, em desacordo com o complemento cromossômico somático esperado. O número cromossômico dos pentaploides variou de 20 a 34, e o dos tetraploides de 16 a 28. A variação do número cromossômico foi maior nas combinações genômicas pentaploides do que nas tetraploides, e a mixoploidia foi verificada entre hexaploides. As combinações genômicas 4x e 5x são mixoploides, e a variação do número de cromossomos na raça cromossômica 5x é maior do que na 4x. MenosABSTRACT - The objective of this work was to evaluate the genomic behavior of hybrid combinations between elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and pearl millet (P. glaucum). Tetraploid (AAA'B) and pentaploid (AA'A'BB) chromosome races resulting from the backcross of the hexaploid hybrid to its parents elephant grass (A'A'BB) and pearl millet (AA) were analyzed as to chromosome number and DNA content. Genotypes of elephant grass, millet, and triploid and hexaploid induced hybrids were compared. Pentaploid and tetraploid genomic combinations showed high level of mixoploidy, in discordance with the expected somatic chromosome set. The pentaploid chromosome number ranged from 20 to 34, and the tetraploid chromosome number from 16 to 28. Chromosome number variation was higher in pentaploid genomic combinations than in tetraploid, and mixoploidy was observed among hexaploids. Genomic combinations 4x and 5x are mixoploid, and the variation of chromosome number within chromosomal race 5x is greater than in 4x. RESUMO - O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento genômico de combinações híbridas resultantes do cruzamento entre capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) e milheto (P. glaucum). Raças cromossômicas tetraploides (AAA'B) e pentaploides (AA'A'BB), resultantes do retrocruzamento do híbrido hexaploide com seus parentais capim-elefante (A'A'BB) e milheto (AA), foram avaliadas quanto ao número cromossômico e ao conteúdo de DNA. Foram comparados os genótipos de capim-elef... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Conteúdo de DNA; DNA content; Híbrido interespecífico; Interspecific hybrids; Mixoploidia. |
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Thesagro: |
Pennisetum Glaucum; Pennisetum Purpureum. |
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Thesaurus NAL: |
mixoploidy. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
--
F Plantas e Produtos de Origem Vegetal |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/175259/1/Genomic-behavior-of-hybrid-combinations.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 02975naa a2200277 a 4500
001 1910597
005 2022-08-16
008 2011 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $ahttps://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2011000700006$2DOI
100 1 $aLEÃO, F. F.
245 $aGenomic behavior of hybrid combinations between elephant grass and pearl millet.
260 $c2011
520 $aABSTRACT - The objective of this work was to evaluate the genomic behavior of hybrid combinations between elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and pearl millet (P. glaucum). Tetraploid (AAA'B) and pentaploid (AA'A'BB) chromosome races resulting from the backcross of the hexaploid hybrid to its parents elephant grass (A'A'BB) and pearl millet (AA) were analyzed as to chromosome number and DNA content. Genotypes of elephant grass, millet, and triploid and hexaploid induced hybrids were compared. Pentaploid and tetraploid genomic combinations showed high level of mixoploidy, in discordance with the expected somatic chromosome set. The pentaploid chromosome number ranged from 20 to 34, and the tetraploid chromosome number from 16 to 28. Chromosome number variation was higher in pentaploid genomic combinations than in tetraploid, and mixoploidy was observed among hexaploids. Genomic combinations 4x and 5x are mixoploid, and the variation of chromosome number within chromosomal race 5x is greater than in 4x. RESUMO - O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento genômico de combinações híbridas resultantes do cruzamento entre capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) e milheto (P. glaucum). Raças cromossômicas tetraploides (AAA'B) e pentaploides (AA'A'BB), resultantes do retrocruzamento do híbrido hexaploide com seus parentais capim-elefante (A'A'BB) e milheto (AA), foram avaliadas quanto ao número cromossômico e ao conteúdo de DNA. Foram comparados os genótipos de capim-elefante, milheto e de híbridos triploides e hexaploides induzidos. As combinações genômicas pentaploides e tetraploides mostraram elevado grau de mixoploidia, em desacordo com o complemento cromossômico somático esperado. O número cromossômico dos pentaploides variou de 20 a 34, e o dos tetraploides de 16 a 28. A variação do número cromossômico foi maior nas combinações genômicas pentaploides do que nas tetraploides, e a mixoploidia foi verificada entre hexaploides. As combinações genômicas 4x e 5x são mixoploides, e a variação do número de cromossomos na raça cromossômica 5x é maior do que na 4x.
650 $amixoploidy
650 $aPennisetum Glaucum
650 $aPennisetum Purpureum
653 $aConteúdo de DNA
653 $aDNA content
653 $aHíbrido interespecífico
653 $aInterspecific hybrids
653 $aMixoploidia
700 1 $aDAVIDE, L. C.
700 1 $aCAMPOS, J. M. S. de
700 1 $aPEREIRA, A. V.
700 1 $aBUSTAMANTE, F. de O.
773 $tPesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira$gv. 46, n. 7, p. 712-719, 2011.
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