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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. |
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Data corrente: |
20/01/2020 |
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Data da última atualização: |
20/01/2020 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Capítulo em Livro Técnico-Científico |
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Autoria: |
VALICENTE, F. H. |
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Afiliação: |
FERNANDO HERCOS VALICENTE, CNPMS. |
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Título: |
Bacillus thuringiensis. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2019 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
In: SOUZA, B.; VÁZQUEZ, L. L.; MARUCCI, R. C. (Ed.). Natural enemies of insect pests in neotropical agroecosystems: biological control and functional biodiversity. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2019. |
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Páginas: |
p. 151-159. |
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DOI: |
10.1007/978-3-030-24733-1_13 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is an aerobic Gram-positive bacterium from the Bacillaceae family that produces protein crystalline inclusions named Cry proteins during the stationary phase encoded by different cry genes (Angus 1954; Bechtel and Bulla 1976). Bacillus thuringiensis is a ubiquitous bacterium that can be found in different substrates such as soil, water, plant surfaces, dead insects, grain dust, spiderwebs, and stored grain (Federici 1999; Glare and O?Callaghan 2000; Valicente and Barreto 2003). Crystal proteins are composed of one or more proteins, Cry or Cyt (cytolytic protein), and they are named delta (δ) endotoxins. These are the factors that determine Bt pathogenicity (Schnepf et al. 1998) and may show different forms as shown in Fig. 13.1 (Valicente and Souza 2004). Many Bt strains also produce other types of insecticidal proteins, such as the Vip proteins (vegetative insecticidal proteins) that are synthesized during the vegetative phase growth not forming any crystals, which were identified by Estruch et al. 1996. Some other important proteins are also produced, such as Cyt, β-exotoxins, and Sip proteins. However, the most studied are the cry genes/Cry proteins. The identification of a Bt strain to subspecies is done using the flagellar antigen H, e.g., Bacillus thuringiensis sv kurstaki. However, this type of characterization does not consider the genes present in these strains, e.g., strain HD-1 (Bt sv kurstaki) harbors the genes cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry2A, and cry2B, and strain HD-73 (Bt sv kurstaki) harbors only cry1Ac gene. These toxic proteins from Bt are used in pest control as a biological pesticide or as transgenic plant expressing these proteins. This is a very useful and powerful tool in integrated pest management (IPM). In this work, we describe the genetic variability and molecular characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis, and the importance of finding the appropriate strain for a specific insect pest. We also provide the description of the Cry proteins and the nomenclature of Cry proteins, as well as their importance for insect specificity, their mode of action, and how Bacillus thuringiensis is used as biological pesticides. MenosBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is an aerobic Gram-positive bacterium from the Bacillaceae family that produces protein crystalline inclusions named Cry proteins during the stationary phase encoded by different cry genes (Angus 1954; Bechtel and Bulla 1976). Bacillus thuringiensis is a ubiquitous bacterium that can be found in different substrates such as soil, water, plant surfaces, dead insects, grain dust, spiderwebs, and stored grain (Federici 1999; Glare and O?Callaghan 2000; Valicente and Barreto 2003). Crystal proteins are composed of one or more proteins, Cry or Cyt (cytolytic protein), and they are named delta (δ) endotoxins. These are the factors that determine Bt pathogenicity (Schnepf et al. 1998) and may show different forms as shown in Fig. 13.1 (Valicente and Souza 2004). Many Bt strains also produce other types of insecticidal proteins, such as the Vip proteins (vegetative insecticidal proteins) that are synthesized during the vegetative phase growth not forming any crystals, which were identified by Estruch et al. 1996. Some other important proteins are also produced, such as Cyt, β-exotoxins, and Sip proteins. However, the most studied are the cry genes/Cry proteins. The identification of a Bt strain to subspecies is done using the flagellar antigen H, e.g., Bacillus thuringiensis sv kurstaki. However, this type of characterization does not consider the genes present in these strains, e.g., strain HD-1 (Bt sv kurstaki) harbors the genes cry1Aa, cry1Ab... Mostrar Tudo |
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Palavras-Chave: |
Caracterização molecular; Pesticida biológico; Variabilidade genética. |
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Thesagro: |
Bactéria; Controle Biológico; Praga de Planta. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
H Saúde e Patologia |
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Marc: |
LEADER 02976naa a2200217 a 4500
001 2119007
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008 2019 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-030-24733-1_13$2DOI
100 1 $aVALICENTE, F. H.
245 $aBacillus thuringiensis.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2019
300 $ap. 151-159.
520 $aBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is an aerobic Gram-positive bacterium from the Bacillaceae family that produces protein crystalline inclusions named Cry proteins during the stationary phase encoded by different cry genes (Angus 1954; Bechtel and Bulla 1976). Bacillus thuringiensis is a ubiquitous bacterium that can be found in different substrates such as soil, water, plant surfaces, dead insects, grain dust, spiderwebs, and stored grain (Federici 1999; Glare and O?Callaghan 2000; Valicente and Barreto 2003). Crystal proteins are composed of one or more proteins, Cry or Cyt (cytolytic protein), and they are named delta (δ) endotoxins. These are the factors that determine Bt pathogenicity (Schnepf et al. 1998) and may show different forms as shown in Fig. 13.1 (Valicente and Souza 2004). Many Bt strains also produce other types of insecticidal proteins, such as the Vip proteins (vegetative insecticidal proteins) that are synthesized during the vegetative phase growth not forming any crystals, which were identified by Estruch et al. 1996. Some other important proteins are also produced, such as Cyt, β-exotoxins, and Sip proteins. However, the most studied are the cry genes/Cry proteins. The identification of a Bt strain to subspecies is done using the flagellar antigen H, e.g., Bacillus thuringiensis sv kurstaki. However, this type of characterization does not consider the genes present in these strains, e.g., strain HD-1 (Bt sv kurstaki) harbors the genes cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry2A, and cry2B, and strain HD-73 (Bt sv kurstaki) harbors only cry1Ac gene. These toxic proteins from Bt are used in pest control as a biological pesticide or as transgenic plant expressing these proteins. This is a very useful and powerful tool in integrated pest management (IPM). In this work, we describe the genetic variability and molecular characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis, and the importance of finding the appropriate strain for a specific insect pest. We also provide the description of the Cry proteins and the nomenclature of Cry proteins, as well as their importance for insect specificity, their mode of action, and how Bacillus thuringiensis is used as biological pesticides.
650 $aBactéria
650 $aControle Biológico
650 $aPraga de Planta
653 $aCaracterização molecular
653 $aPesticida biológico
653 $aVariabilidade genética
773 $tIn: SOUZA, B.; VÁZQUEZ, L. L.; MARUCCI, R. C. (Ed.). Natural enemies of insect pests in neotropical agroecosystems: biological control and functional biodiversity. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2019.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Milho e Sorgo (CNPMS) |
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