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Registro Completo |
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste. |
Data corrente: |
22/05/2003 |
Data da última atualização: |
22/05/2003 |
Autoria: |
EIJK, D. v. d. |
Título: |
Phosphate fixation and the response of maize to fertilizer phosphate in Kenyan soils. |
Ano de publicação: |
1997 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
1997. |
Páginas: |
186 p. |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Notas: |
Thesis (Doctor) - Wageningen Universiteit, Wageningen, 1997. |
Conteúdo: |
In tropical soils, plant growth is often limited by a low P availability. In addition, these soils often have high P-fixation capacities due to high amounts of iron and aluminum oxyhydroxides. Furthermore, small-scale farming systems in which subsistence crops are produced for local markets are common in the tropics. Such conditions exit in South West Kenya, in the Kish area, where this study was carried out. The overall aim of the study was to improve our understanding of fertilizer P - soil - maize crop interactions and, hereby, to increase the yield response and improve the P recovery and utilization in
plants. Initial and residual yield responses to fertilizer P applications; P uptake in plants, as well as P distribution and utilization within the plants; apparent fertilizer P recovery; and dissolution, transport and sorption of fertilizer P in the soils were studied under field conditions during three successive growing seasons. This was done within the concept of the low-input strategy, whereby the high-input strategy was used as a reference. The soils were classified as Ultisols and Mollisols, or as Nitisols and Luvic Phaeozems. They were
low in available native P (P-Olsen 1.6 to 3.2 mg/kg) and had medium to high P sorption capacities (445 to 870 mg/kg) measured under laboratory conditions. Total P ranged from 490 to 1,035 mg/kg. Triple superphosphate was used as P fertilizer and hybrid maize as test crop. Good initial and residual yield responses were found in all soils even at low P application rates. The concept of P-fixation, as defined in this study, was not appropriate for the soils in the Kisii area. The second 'slow' phase of the fixation process was shown to proceed at a very slow rate under field conditions. Thus, P fixation is much less of a problem for farmers than expected. When P limited grain yield, the relationship between grain yield (z) and P in plant (y) could be described by the equation: z=620(y-0.50). The efficiency of utilization increased with P application to about 550 kg/kg at P rates of 22 to 131 kg/ha and decreased at higher rates due to a luxurious P uptake. Granular fertilizer residues with P in the form of Fluorapatite, Brushite and an amorphous P compound could
be recovered in the soil until the end of the trials, about 600 days after application. Fertilizer P was retained in the soil immediately surrounding the residual fertilizer granules to total P values up to > 8,000 mg/kg, which was much higher than predicted from the P-sorption studies in the laboratory. Available P levels (P-Olsen) in the P-enriched soil volume were high, up to > 800 mg/kg. The available fertilizer P fraction (P-Olsen/P total) remained fairly constant with time. It was suggested that the number of roots, i.e. root surface area, present in the small P-enriched volume was the limiting factor in fertilizer P uptake. As a result, the apparent P recoveries per crop were low. They were about 10 % each growing season at a P rate of 22 kg/ha. Subseed placement at the start of each growing season is recommended, either placed alone or together with small amounts of cow dung. Then, plants benefit highly from both the startereffect of freshly-applied fertilizer and the residual effect of previously-applied (residual) fertilizer. P application rates of 20 to 40 kg/ha (in P2O5: 45 to 90 kg/ha) are advised for maize. At these rates, slightly more
P is applied than plants require for producing maximum grain yields and the P availability of the soils will gradually increase by enlarging the soil volume enriched with fertilizer P. This repeated subseed placement fits in well with the low-input strategy and is probably easily adaptable in tropical small-scale farming systems. MenosIn tropical soils, plant growth is often limited by a low P availability. In addition, these soils often have high P-fixation capacities due to high amounts of iron and aluminum oxyhydroxides. Furthermore, small-scale farming systems in which subsistence crops are produced for local markets are common in the tropics. Such conditions exit in South West Kenya, in the Kish area, where this study was carried out. The overall aim of the study was to improve our understanding of fertilizer P - soil - maize crop interactions and, hereby, to increase the yield response and improve the P recovery and utilization in
plants. Initial and residual yield responses to fertilizer P applications; P uptake in plants, as well as P distribution and utilization within the plants; apparent fertilizer P recovery; and dissolution, transport and sorption of fertilizer P in the soils were studied under field conditions during three successive growing seasons. This was done within the concept of the low-input strategy, whereby the high-input strategy was used as a reference. The soils were classified as Ultisols and Mollisols, or as Nitisols and Luvic Phaeozems. They were
low in available native P (P-Olsen 1.6 to 3.2 mg/kg) and had medium to high P sorption capacities (445 to 870 mg/kg) measured under laboratory conditions. Total P ranged from 490 to 1,035 mg/kg. Triple superphosphate was used as P fertilizer and hybrid maize as test crop. Good initial and residual yield responses were found in all ... Mostrar Tudo |
Palavras-Chave: |
Fertiliante; Fixação; Kenia. |
Thesagro: |
Fósforo; Milho; Solo; Superfosfato; Zea Mays. |
Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
Marc: |
LEADER 04344nam a2200229 a 4500 001 1245107 005 2003-05-22 008 1997 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d 100 1 $aEIJK, D. v. d. 245 $aPhosphate fixation and the response of maize to fertilizer phosphate in Kenyan soils. 260 $a1997.$c1997 300 $a186 p. 500 $aThesis (Doctor) - Wageningen Universiteit, Wageningen, 1997. 520 $aIn tropical soils, plant growth is often limited by a low P availability. In addition, these soils often have high P-fixation capacities due to high amounts of iron and aluminum oxyhydroxides. Furthermore, small-scale farming systems in which subsistence crops are produced for local markets are common in the tropics. Such conditions exit in South West Kenya, in the Kish area, where this study was carried out. The overall aim of the study was to improve our understanding of fertilizer P - soil - maize crop interactions and, hereby, to increase the yield response and improve the P recovery and utilization in plants. Initial and residual yield responses to fertilizer P applications; P uptake in plants, as well as P distribution and utilization within the plants; apparent fertilizer P recovery; and dissolution, transport and sorption of fertilizer P in the soils were studied under field conditions during three successive growing seasons. This was done within the concept of the low-input strategy, whereby the high-input strategy was used as a reference. The soils were classified as Ultisols and Mollisols, or as Nitisols and Luvic Phaeozems. They were low in available native P (P-Olsen 1.6 to 3.2 mg/kg) and had medium to high P sorption capacities (445 to 870 mg/kg) measured under laboratory conditions. Total P ranged from 490 to 1,035 mg/kg. Triple superphosphate was used as P fertilizer and hybrid maize as test crop. Good initial and residual yield responses were found in all soils even at low P application rates. The concept of P-fixation, as defined in this study, was not appropriate for the soils in the Kisii area. The second 'slow' phase of the fixation process was shown to proceed at a very slow rate under field conditions. Thus, P fixation is much less of a problem for farmers than expected. When P limited grain yield, the relationship between grain yield (z) and P in plant (y) could be described by the equation: z=620(y-0.50). The efficiency of utilization increased with P application to about 550 kg/kg at P rates of 22 to 131 kg/ha and decreased at higher rates due to a luxurious P uptake. Granular fertilizer residues with P in the form of Fluorapatite, Brushite and an amorphous P compound could be recovered in the soil until the end of the trials, about 600 days after application. Fertilizer P was retained in the soil immediately surrounding the residual fertilizer granules to total P values up to > 8,000 mg/kg, which was much higher than predicted from the P-sorption studies in the laboratory. Available P levels (P-Olsen) in the P-enriched soil volume were high, up to > 800 mg/kg. The available fertilizer P fraction (P-Olsen/P total) remained fairly constant with time. It was suggested that the number of roots, i.e. root surface area, present in the small P-enriched volume was the limiting factor in fertilizer P uptake. As a result, the apparent P recoveries per crop were low. They were about 10 % each growing season at a P rate of 22 kg/ha. Subseed placement at the start of each growing season is recommended, either placed alone or together with small amounts of cow dung. Then, plants benefit highly from both the startereffect of freshly-applied fertilizer and the residual effect of previously-applied (residual) fertilizer. P application rates of 20 to 40 kg/ha (in P2O5: 45 to 90 kg/ha) are advised for maize. At these rates, slightly more P is applied than plants require for producing maximum grain yields and the P availability of the soils will gradually increase by enlarging the soil volume enriched with fertilizer P. This repeated subseed placement fits in well with the low-input strategy and is probably easily adaptable in tropical small-scale farming systems. 650 $aFósforo 650 $aMilho 650 $aSolo 650 $aSuperfosfato 650 $aZea Mays 653 $aFertiliante 653 $aFixação 653 $aKenia
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Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste (CPAO) |
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81. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | PEREIRA, E. G.; SIQUEIRA, J. O.; VALE, F. R. do; MOREIRA, F. M. S. Influencia do nitrogênio mineral no crescimento e colonização micorrízica de mudas de arvores. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, DF, v. 31, n. 9, p. 653-662, set. 1996. Título em inglês: Influence of mineral nitrogen on growth and mycorrhizal colonization of tree seedlings.Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Unidades Centrais. |
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82. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | MOREIRA, W. A.; WARWICK, D. R. N.; LIMA, M. F.; MOREIRA, F. R. B. Incidência da podridão-seca em coqueiro irrigado no Vale do Submédio São Francisco. Fitopatologia Brasileira, Brasília, DF, v. 25, p. 349, ago. 2000. Suplemento. Edição dos Resumos do 33 Congresso Brasileiro de Fitopatologia, ago. 2000.Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Semiárido. |
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84. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | MELLONI, R.; SILVA, F. A. de M.; MOREIRA, F. M. de S.; FURTINI NETO, A. E. Pó de forno de aciaria elétrica na microbiota do solo e no crescimento de soja. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, DF, v. 36, n. 12, p. 1547-1554, dez. 2001 Título em inglês: Electric aciary oven powder on soil microbiota and growth of soybean.Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Unidades Centrais. |
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85. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | D'AFONSECA E SILVA, G.; MATTOSO, L. H. C.; MOREIRA, F. K. V. Produção de filmes biodegradáveis de alginato por casting contínuo. In: JORNADA CIENTÍFICA - EMBRAPA SÃO CARLOS, 12., 2020, São Carlos, SP. Anais... São Carlos: Embrapa Instrumentação: Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, 2020. Editores técnicos: Cristiane Sanchez Farinas, Daniel Souza Corrêa, José Manoel Marconcini, Maria Fernanda Berlingieri Durigan, Paulo Sérgio de Paula Herrmann Junior. 65 Embrapa Instrumentação. Documentos, 71.Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Instrumentação. |
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86. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | BORGHEZAN, M.; MORAES, L. K. A. de; MOREIRA, F. M.; SILVA, A. L. da. Propagação in vitro e avaliação de parâmetros morfofisiológicos de porta-enxertos de videira. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, DF, v. 38, n. 7, p. 783-789, jul. 2003 Título em inglês: In vitro propagation and evaluation of morphophysiologic parameters of grapevine rootstocks.Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Unidades Centrais. |
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87. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | LEITE, L. S. F.; MOREIRA, F. K. V.; BRAS, J.; MATTOSO, L. H. C. Propriedades reológicas de soluções filmogênicas de gelatina e nanocristais de celulose para produção de filmes biodegradáveis por casting contínuo. In: SIMPÓSIO NACIONAL DE INSTRUMENTAÇÃO AGROPECUÁRIA, 4., 2019, São Carlos, SP. Ciência, inovação e mercado: anais. São Carlos, SP: Embrapa Instrumentação, 2019. Editores: Paulino Ribeiro Villas-Boas, Maria Alice Martins, Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira Milori, Ladislau Martin Neto. SIAGRO 2019. 597-601Tipo: Artigo em Anais de Congresso |
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88. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | OLIVEIRA, J. E. de M.; PULZ, C. E.; MIRANDA, J. dos R.; MOREIRA, F. R. B. Prospecção de Dactylopius (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) na Paraíba, Pernambuco e Ceará em Opuntia ficus-indica. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ENTOMOLOGIA, 22., 2008, Uberlândia. Ciência, tecnologia e inovação : anais. Viçosa, MG: UFV, 2008. 1 CD-ROM. Resumo 1627-2Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
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89. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | JUNQUEIRA, F. B.; MATTOSO, L. H. C.; MOREIRA, F. K. V. Propriedades mecânicas e anti-UV de plásticos de gelatina produzidos por casting contínuo. In: WORKSHOP DA REDE DE NANOTECNOLOGIA APLICADA AO AGRONEGÓCIO, 9., 2017, São Carlos. Anais ... São Carlos: Embrapa Instrumentação, 2017. p.60-63. Editores: Caue Ribeiro de Oliveira, Elaine Cristina Paris, Luiz Henrique Capparelli Mattoso, Marcelo Porto Bemquerer, Maria Alice Martins, Odílio Benedito Garrido de Assis.Tipo: Artigo em Anais de Congresso |
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90. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | LOPES, P. R. C.; MOREIRA, A. N.; HAJI, F. N. P.; MOREIRA, F. R. B. Produção integrada de frutas. In: SEMANA INTERNACIONAL DA FRUTICULTURA, FLORICULTURA E AGROINDÚSTRIA. 9.,; SIMPÓSIO DE INOVAÇÕES TECNOLÓGICAS E GERENCIAIS, 2., 2002, Fortaleza. Frutal 2002. Fortaleza : Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical; Instituto Frutal; SINDIFRUTA, 2002. 1 CD-ROM.Tipo: Artigo em Anais de Congresso |
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92. | ![Imagem marcado/desmarcado](/consulta/web/img/desmarcado.png) | LIMA, V. E.; MOREIRA, F. K. V.; MARCONCINI, J. M.; MATTOSO, L. H. C. Novos bionanocompósitos baseados em amido e hidróxido duplo lamelar Mg(1-x)Alx(OH)2. In: WORKSHOP DA REDE DE NANOTECNOLOGIA APLICADA AO AGRONEGÓCIO, 6., 2012, Fortaleza. Anais... São Carlos: Embrapa Instrumentação; Fortaleza: Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, 2012. p. 264-266. Editores: Maria Alice Martins, MOrsyleide de Freitas Rosa, Men de Sá Moreira de Souza Filho, Nicodemos Moreira dos Santos Junior, Odílio Benedito Garrido de Assis, Caue Ribeiro, Luiz Henrique Capparelli Mattoso.Tipo: Artigo em Anais de Congresso |
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