Data/hora: 19/06/2024 18:39:44

Biblioteca(s): | Embrapa Arroz e Feijão; Embrapa Solos.
Data corrente: | 09/01/2023
Data da última atualização: | 20/12/2023
Autoria: | BENITES, V. de M.; SCHAEFER, C. E. G. R.; MACHADO, P. L. O. de A.; POLIDORO, J. C.; TEIXEIRA, R. da S.
Afiliação: | VINICIUS DE MELO BENITES, CNPS; CARLOS ERNESTO GONÇALVES REYNAUD SCHAEFER, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA; PEDRO LUIZ OLIVEIRA DE A MACHADO, CNPAF; JOSE CARLOS POLIDORO, CNPS; RAFAEL DA SILVA TEIXEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA.
Título: | Insights into brazilian soils and sustainable agriculture scenarios.
Ano de publicação: | 2023
Fonte/Imprenta: | In: SCHAEFER, C. E. G. R. (ed.). The soils of Brazil. Cham: Springer, 2023. cap. 18, p. 471-486. (World soils book series).
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19949-3_18
Idioma: | Inglês
Conteúdo: | Brazil has a large agricultural output that increased rapidly in recent decades due to advances in soil and agronomic management and practices, continuous investments, and expansion of the cultivated land area, but many challenges are emerging, concerning the long-term sustainability, environmental degradation, and climate change issues. In this chapter, we show that, despite the great advances in soil management and productivity gains for most cash crops, Brazil still needs to increase the crop productivity for key staple foods, due to limited investments in soil fertilization and liming, both below the recommended amount for a successful production. Also, low pasture productivity due to a long-term extractive exploitation model is one of the main causes of widespread soil and pastureland degradation in Brazil. The management of nutrient fertilizers in Brazil is summarized here, highlighting the high dependency we have for imports of most products. The production and use of organomineral fertilizers has grown significantly in Brazil during the last decade, compared with the increasing rates of mineral fertilizers. The use of crushed rocks as fertilizer alternatives, raise many questions about the short-term nutrient availability and supply, low efficiency, and little residual effect. On the other hand, many advances were made in Biological N2 fixation and associations with mycorrhizal fungi for many different crops. Long-term studies of areas under intense soil management and fertilization showed a good legacy of improved soil fertility status under technified management, particularly in the Brazilian Cerrados. Also, the potential mitigation of the greenhouse effect by appropriate soil management and environmental conservation issues, are highlighted in this review. The adequate use and management of plant nutrients through balanced fertilization can significantly increase the carbon sequestration potential, since more productive crops tend to increase soil organic carbon levels and atmospheric CO2 sequestration, besides reducing the pressure for further deforestation and expansion of cultivated land. In the closing section, we show that after incorporating deep weathered clay soils (Latosols) under Cerrado into highly productive systems, Brazil now incorporates extensive areas of sandy and medium texture soils of very low fertility into intensive systems, based on heavy fertilization and the adoption of management practices with a conservationist bias. The prospect of the Brazilian agricultural economy strongly lies in the adoption of sound soil management strategies, aiming at increasing productivity and long-term sustainability in the face of many uncertainties in the climate change and global market scenarios.
Palavras-Chave: | Brazilian agriculture.
Thesagro: | Agricultura Sustentável; Manejo do Solo; Plantio Direto; Solo Tropical.
Thesaurus Nal: | Agricultural soils; No-tillage; Soil management; Tropical soils.
Categoria do assunto: | P Recursos Naturais, Ciências Ambientais e da Terra
Registro original: | Embrapa Solos (CNPS)

Exemplares:

CNPS - (21231-1) - UPC - PL - DD -  -  -  - DIS
CNPAF - (36749-1) - UPC - PL - DD - 2023 -  - 2023 - DIS