Data/hora: 08/06/2024 11:56:39

Biblioteca(s): | Embrapa Amazônia Oriental; Embrapa Arroz e Feijão.
Data corrente: | 11/06/2014
Data da última atualização: | 19/10/2022
Autoria: | PERRIN, A.-S.; FUJISAKI, K.; PETITJEAN, C.; SARRAZIN, M.; GODET, M.; GARRIC, B.; HORTH, J.-C.; BALBINO, L. C.; SILVEIRA FILHO, A.; MACHADO, P. L. O. de A.; BROSSARD, M.
Afiliação: | Anne-Sophie Perrin, CETIOM / EPLEFPA; Kenji Fujisaki, CETIOM / EPLEFPA / IRD - UMR 210 Eco&Sols; Caroline Petitjean, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane; Max Sarrazin, IRD - US122; Mathieu Godet, CETIOM / EPLEFPA; Bernard Garric, CETIOM / EPLEFPA; Jean-Claude Horth, CETIOM / EPLEFPA / Chambre d'Agriculture de Guyane; LUIZ CARLOS BALBINO, CPAC; AUSTRELINO SILVEIRA FILHO, CPATU; PEDRO LUIZ OLIVEIRA DE A MACHADO, CNPAF; Michel Brossard, IRD - UMR 210 Eco&Sols.
Título: | Conversion of forest to agriculture in Amazonia with the chop-and-mulch method: Does it improve the soil carbon stock?
Ano de publicação: | 2014
Fonte/Imprenta: | Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, v. 184, p. 101-114, Feb. 2014.
DOI: | 10.1016/j.agee.2013.11.009
Idioma: | Inglês
Conteúdo: | Fire-free forest conversion with organic inputs as an alternative to slash-and-burn could improve agro-ecosystem sustainability. We assessed soil carbon mass changes in a sandy-clayey and well-drained soil in French Guiana after forest clearing by the chop-and-mulch method and crop establishment. At the experimental site of Combi, native forest was cut down in October 2008; woody biomass was chopped and incorporated into the top 20 cm of soil. After about one year of legume and grass cover, three forms of land management were compared: grassland (Urochloa ruziziensis), maize/soybean crop rotation with disk tillage and in direct seeding without tillage. There were four replicates. We measured 14.16 kg m-2 of carbon in 2 mm-sieved soil down to 2 m depth for the initial forest. Forest clearing did not induce significant soil compaction; neither did any specific agricultural practice. In converted soils, C stocks were measured in the 0-30 cm layer after each crop for three years. Carbon mass changes for soil fractions <2 mm (soil C stock) and >2 mm (soil C pool) in the 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil layers were assessed on an equivalent soil mass basis. One year and 1.5 years after deforestation, higher C stocks (+0.64 to 1.16 kg C m-2 yr-1) and C pools (+0.52 to 0.90 kg C m-2 yr-1) were measured in converted soils, compared to those of the forest into the top 30 cm of soil. However, the masses of carbon in these converted soils declined later. The highest rates of carbon decrease were measured between 1.5 and 2 years after forest conversion in the <2 mm soil fraction, from 0.46 kg C m-2 yr-1 (in grassland soils) to 0.71 kg C m-2 yr-1 (in cropland under no tillage). The carbon pool declined during the third year at rates of 0.41 kg C m-2 yr-1 (cropland under disk tillage) to 0.76 kg C m-2 yr-1 (grassland soils). Three years after forest conversion, C masses in the top 30 cm of soils for grassland showed similar values than for forest. In comparison, the carbon stock in cropped soils managed under no tillage in direct seeding (without mulch) was significantly 17% and 16% lower than in forest and grassland soils, respectively. None of the studied agricultural practices succeeded in accumulating carbon from the chopped forest biomass.
Palavras-Chave: | Guiana Francesa; Sem queima.
Thesagro: | Agricultura; Brachiaria; Carbono; Desmatamento; Plantio direto; Solo.
Thesaurus Nal: | Amazonia.

Categoria do assunto:

K Ciência Florestal e Produtos de Origem Vegetal
P Recursos Naturais, Ciências Ambientais e da Terra

Registro original: | Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (CPATU)

Exemplares:

CPATU - (49629-1) - UPC - AP - DD -  -  -  - DIS
CNPAF - (32821-1) - UPC - AP - PP - 2014.046 -  - 2014.046 - DIS