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Registro Completo |
Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
Data corrente: |
22/08/2006 |
Data da última atualização: |
28/11/2022 |
Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
Autoria: |
SOMMER, R.; VLEK, P. L. G.; SÁ, T. D. de A.; VIELHAUER, K.; COELHO, R. de F. R.; FÖLSTER, H. |
Afiliação: |
TATIANA DEANE DE ABREU SA, CPATU. |
Título: |
Nutrient balance of shifting cultivation by burning or mulching in the eastern Amazon - evidence for subsoil nutrient accumulation. |
Ano de publicação: |
2004 |
Fonte/Imprenta: |
Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, v. 68, n. 3, p. 257-271, Mar. 2004. |
DOI: |
10.1023/B:FRES.0000019470.93637.54 |
Idioma: |
Inglês |
Conteúdo: |
For over a hundred years shifting cultivation with slash-and-burn land preparation has been the predominant type of land use by smallholders in the Bragantina region of the Brazilian Eastern Amazon. This study contrasts the nutrient balance of slash-and-burn agriculture with a fire-free cultivation. Therefore, one half of a 3.5-year-old (28.7 t DM ha?1) and a 7-year-old woody fallow vegetation (46.5 t DM ha?1) was burnt and the other half mulched, leaving the biomass as a surface residue. Subsequently, a sequence of maize, beans and cassava was cropped for 1.5 year. Burning the 3.5- and 7-year-old fallow removed 97 and 94% of the C, 98 and 96% of the N, 90 and 63% of the P-stocks, and between 45 and 70% of the cations K, Mg and Ca of the aboveground biomass by volatilization or ash-particle transfer. These losses were avoided with the slash-and-mulch land preparation. Mulching did not increase the losses of nutrients by leaching, despite the high amount of rapidly decomposing surface mulch. Also the length of preceding fallow had no significant influence on leaching losses. At a depth of 3 m, leached nutrients were quantitatively negligible in both treatments. Comparing the nutrient fluxes at soil depths of 0.9 m, 1.8 m and 3 m, the amounts of all mobile nutrients, and also of chloride and sodium were markedly reduced during percolation and must have been retained. It is likely that nutrient retention in the subsoil layer is only temporary, emphasizing the need for a rapid re-establishment of the naturally deep-rooting secondary vegetation after abandonment of sites to enable uptake of these nutrients. The overall nutrient balance was highly negative for slash-and-burn. 291 and 403 kg N ha?1, 21 and 18 kg P ha?1, and 70 and 132 kg K ha?1 were removed from the burnt plots with a preceding fallow of 3.5 and 7 years, respectively. A reduced fallow period (3.5 years), which is a common trend in the region, resulted in a higher mean annual rate of nutrient loss averaged over the duration of the cycle than a fallow period of 7 years. Eliminating the burning losses by mulching brought the agricultural system back to an equilibrated or even slightly positive nutrient balance, even after a reduced fallow period. Thus, slash-and-mulch is a viable alternative to maintain agricultural productivity and ecosystem functioning. MenosFor over a hundred years shifting cultivation with slash-and-burn land preparation has been the predominant type of land use by smallholders in the Bragantina region of the Brazilian Eastern Amazon. This study contrasts the nutrient balance of slash-and-burn agriculture with a fire-free cultivation. Therefore, one half of a 3.5-year-old (28.7 t DM ha?1) and a 7-year-old woody fallow vegetation (46.5 t DM ha?1) was burnt and the other half mulched, leaving the biomass as a surface residue. Subsequently, a sequence of maize, beans and cassava was cropped for 1.5 year. Burning the 3.5- and 7-year-old fallow removed 97 and 94% of the C, 98 and 96% of the N, 90 and 63% of the P-stocks, and between 45 and 70% of the cations K, Mg and Ca of the aboveground biomass by volatilization or ash-particle transfer. These losses were avoided with the slash-and-mulch land preparation. Mulching did not increase the losses of nutrients by leaching, despite the high amount of rapidly decomposing surface mulch. Also the length of preceding fallow had no significant influence on leaching losses. At a depth of 3 m, leached nutrients were quantitatively negligible in both treatments. Comparing the nutrient fluxes at soil depths of 0.9 m, 1.8 m and 3 m, the amounts of all mobile nutrients, and also of chloride and sodium were markedly reduced during percolation and must have been retained. It is likely that nutrient retention in the subsoil layer is only temporary, emphasizing the need for a rapid r... Mostrar Tudo |
Palavras-Chave: |
Agricultura migratória; Brasil. |
Thesagro: |
Cobertura Morta; Queimada; Vegetação Secundária. |
Thesaurus Nal: |
Amazonia. |
Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
Marc: |
LEADER 03199naa a2200265 a 4500 001 1408538 005 2022-11-28 008 2004 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 024 7 $a10.1023/B:FRES.0000019470.93637.54$2DOI 100 1 $aSOMMER, R. 245 $aNutrient balance of shifting cultivation by burning or mulching in the eastern Amazon - evidence for subsoil nutrient accumulation.$h[electronic resource] 260 $c2004 520 $aFor over a hundred years shifting cultivation with slash-and-burn land preparation has been the predominant type of land use by smallholders in the Bragantina region of the Brazilian Eastern Amazon. This study contrasts the nutrient balance of slash-and-burn agriculture with a fire-free cultivation. Therefore, one half of a 3.5-year-old (28.7 t DM ha?1) and a 7-year-old woody fallow vegetation (46.5 t DM ha?1) was burnt and the other half mulched, leaving the biomass as a surface residue. Subsequently, a sequence of maize, beans and cassava was cropped for 1.5 year. Burning the 3.5- and 7-year-old fallow removed 97 and 94% of the C, 98 and 96% of the N, 90 and 63% of the P-stocks, and between 45 and 70% of the cations K, Mg and Ca of the aboveground biomass by volatilization or ash-particle transfer. These losses were avoided with the slash-and-mulch land preparation. Mulching did not increase the losses of nutrients by leaching, despite the high amount of rapidly decomposing surface mulch. Also the length of preceding fallow had no significant influence on leaching losses. At a depth of 3 m, leached nutrients were quantitatively negligible in both treatments. Comparing the nutrient fluxes at soil depths of 0.9 m, 1.8 m and 3 m, the amounts of all mobile nutrients, and also of chloride and sodium were markedly reduced during percolation and must have been retained. It is likely that nutrient retention in the subsoil layer is only temporary, emphasizing the need for a rapid re-establishment of the naturally deep-rooting secondary vegetation after abandonment of sites to enable uptake of these nutrients. The overall nutrient balance was highly negative for slash-and-burn. 291 and 403 kg N ha?1, 21 and 18 kg P ha?1, and 70 and 132 kg K ha?1 were removed from the burnt plots with a preceding fallow of 3.5 and 7 years, respectively. A reduced fallow period (3.5 years), which is a common trend in the region, resulted in a higher mean annual rate of nutrient loss averaged over the duration of the cycle than a fallow period of 7 years. Eliminating the burning losses by mulching brought the agricultural system back to an equilibrated or even slightly positive nutrient balance, even after a reduced fallow period. Thus, slash-and-mulch is a viable alternative to maintain agricultural productivity and ecosystem functioning. 650 $aAmazonia 650 $aCobertura Morta 650 $aQueimada 650 $aVegetação Secundária 653 $aAgricultura migratória 653 $aBrasil 700 1 $aVLEK, P. L. G. 700 1 $aSÁ, T. D. de A. 700 1 $aVIELHAUER, K. 700 1 $aCOELHO, R. de F. R. 700 1 $aFÖLSTER, H. 773 $tNutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems$gv. 68, n. 3, p. 257-271, Mar. 2004.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (CPATU) |
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Registros recuperados : 243 | |
162. | | COELHO, R. de F. R.; OLIVEIRA, V. C. de; CARVALHO, C. J. R. de; SÁ, T. D. de A. Fluxo de nitrogênio e fósforo pela deposição de liteira em sistemas de produção agrícola de corte/queima e corte/trituração/manejo de capoeira, na Amazônia Oriental. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE SISTEMAS AGROFLORESTAIS, 5., 2004, Curitiba. SAFs: desenvolvimento com proteção ambiental: anais. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas, 2004. p. 559-561. (Embrapa Florestas. Documentos, 98).Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Florestas. |
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163. | | COELHO, R. de F. R.; OLIVEIRA, V. C. de; CARVALHO, C. J. R. de; SA, T. D. de A. Fluxo de nitrogênio e fósforo pela deposição de liteira em sistemas de produção agrícola de corte/queima e corte/trituração/manejo de capoeira, na Amazônia Oriental. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE SISTEMAS AGROFLORESTAIS, 5., 2004, Curitiba. SAFs: desenvolvimento com proteção ambiental: anais. Colombo: Embrapa Florestas, 2004. p. 559-561. (Embrapa Florestas. Documentos, 98).Tipo: Artigo em Anais de Congresso |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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169. | | SILVA, J. A. R.; LOURENÇO JUNIOR, J. de B.; SIMÃO NETO, M.; SÁ, T. D. de A. Relações entre variáveis fisiológicas e de ambiente físico em zebuínos e bubalinos na Ilha de Marajó. In: SEMINÁRIO DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTIFICA DA FCAP, 7.; SEMINÁRIO DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTIFICA DA EMBRAPA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL, 1., 1997, Belém, PA. Resumos. Belém, PA: FCAP, 1997. p. 203.Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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170. | | KANASHIRO, M.; SÁ, T. D. de A.; VIELHAUER, K.; DENICH, M.; VLEK, P. L. G.; SERRAO, E. A. S. Future plans of the project "Capoeira" (ENV 25). In: SHIFT-WORKSHOP, 3., 1998, Manaus. Program, abstracts of presentation and posters. [S.l.]: SHIFT, 1998. P4.Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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171. | | SOUSA, N. C.; COIMBRA, H. M.; TRINDADE, I. A.; SOUZA, C. M. de A.; SÁ, T. D. de A. Desempenho de medidor portátil de clorofila no monitoramento de folhas de mandioca em área previamente ocupada por capoeira enriquecida. In: CONGRESSO DE ECOLOGIA DO BRASIL, 4., 1998, Belém, PA. Ecossistemas: com enfoque em seus componentes básicos: resumos. Belém, PA: FCAP: Sociedade de Ecologia do Brasil, 1998. p. 519-520.Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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172. | | SILVA, F. K. V.; SILVA, A. K. T.; SÁ, T. D. de A.; KATO, M. do S. A. Monitoramento da temperatura e da umidade do solo em cultivo de maracujá: (Passiflora edulis), em experiência participativa com agricultores familiares do nordeste do Pará. In: SEMINÁRIO DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DA FCAP, 12.; SEMINÁRIO DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DA EMBRAPA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL, 6., 2002, Belém, PA. A contribuição do profissional de Ciências Agrárias no uso e conservação da biodiversidade: anais. Belém, PA: FCAP: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2002.Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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173. | | ROBERTS, J. M.; CABRAL, O. M. R.; COSTA, J. P. da; McWILLIAM, A.-L. C.; SÁ, T. D. de A. An overview of the leaf area index and physiological measurements during ABRACOS. In: GASH, J. H. C.; NOBRE, C. A.; ROBERTS, J. M.; VICTORIA, R. L. (Ed.). Amazonian deforestation and climate. Chichester: J. Wiley, 1996. p. 287-306. il.Tipo: Capítulo em Livro Técnico-Científico |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental; Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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176. | | SOMMER, R.; VLEK, P. L. G.; SÁ, T. D. de A.; VIELHAUER, K.; COELHO, R. de F. R.; FÖLSTER, H. Nutrient balance of shifting cultivation by burning or mulching in the eastern Amazon - evidence for subsoil nutrient accumulation. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, v. 68, n. 3, p. 257-271, Mar. 2004.Tipo: Artigo em Periódico Indexado | Circulação/Nível: Internacional - A |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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178. | | VIELHAUER, K.; DENICH, M.; KATO, O. R.; KATO, M. do S.; SÁ, T. D. de A.; VLEK, P. L. G. Viability of mechanized chop-and-mulch as a soil improving alternative to manual slash-and-burn land preparation. In: INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH ON FOOD SECURITY, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT, 2004, Berlin. Rural Poverty Reduction through Research for Development and Transformation: book of abstracts... Berlin: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2004. p. 338.Tipo: Resumo em Anais de Congresso |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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180. | | SOMMER, R.; SÁ, T. D. de A.; VIELHAUER, K.; ARAÚJO, A. C. de; FÖLSTER, H.; VLEK, P. L. G. Transpiration and canopy conductance of secondary vegetation in the eastern Amazon. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, v. 112, n. 2, p. 103-121, Aug. 2002. il.Tipo: Artigo em Periódico Indexado | Circulação/Nível: Internacional - A |
Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. |
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Registros recuperados : 243 | |
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